A study of centralized individual donor nucleic acid testing for transfusion transmitted infections to improve blood safety in Karnataka, India

Mathur, Ankit; Dontula, Sanjana; Jagannathan, Latha

doi:10.4103/gjtm.gjtm_8_17

Cited by 7 publications

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“…During the plasma contract fractionation project from 2006 to 2015, after screening 5.7 million seronegative donations for HCV RNA, HIV RNA, and HBV DNA, a total of 15 (0.26/10 5 donations) HBV DNA positive, eight (0.14/10 5 donations) HCV RNA positive, and no HIV RNA positive samples were reported. The frequency of detection in the NAT analysis was lower than the rate of serologic testing for all of the three viruses, similar to other studies 27–29 . Various countries in the region studied the prevalence of HBV DNA, HCV RNA, and HIV RNA in seronegative blood donations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Viral safety of recovered plasma for contract fractionation; an Iranian experience, 2006–2015

Amini-Kafiabad

Pourfatollah

2021

Transfusion Medicine

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Objective The current study analysed the viral safety among Iranian blood donors. Background Plasma products demand is increasing in the world. With contract plasma fractionation, the plasma wastage decreases and the access of patients to plasma‐derived medicines (PDM) improves. Study and Design Method Screening results including hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti‐hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Ag/Ab of 19 054 036 donations from 2006 to 2015 were analysed. The plasma for fractionation was tested for HBV DNA, HCV RNA, HIV RNA, HAV RNA, and Parvovirus B19 DNA by fractionators. New samples were collected from the positive donors and retested. The prevalence of serological and nucleic acid testing (NAT) markers per 105 donations, 95% confidential interval (CI), and p‐values were calculated. Results The prevalence of markers was as follows: 250/105 donations for HBsAg from 516 in 2006 to 116/105 donations in 2015; 74/105 donations for HCV, decreasing from 127 to 41/105 and 3.6/105 for HIV during current study. During 10 years, 5 713 641 units of recovered plasma were shipped for contract fractionation to produce PDM; 0.26/105 donations for HBV DNA and 0.14/105 for HCV RNA were reported positive. The results of five retested samples for HBV and one sample for HCV were negative. Conclusion The prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV in blood donations was extremely low. Thanks to the availability, high quality and safety of recovered plasma as a result of the improvements in the quality system at IBTO, this plasma could be used for the production of PDMPs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Viral safety of recovered plasma for contract fractionation; an Iranian experience, 2006–2015

Amini-Kafiabad

Pourfatollah

2021

Transfusion Medicine

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“…The yield in our study was comparable to yields obtained in previous Indian studies like 1:2622 in AIIMS in 14 ,1:2972 in Jaipur 15 and 1:2000 in Andhra Pradesh. 10 Our yield was less compared to an yield of 1:686 in Apollo, New Delhi 16 , 1: 476 in another study in AIIMS 17 and 1:1125 in RML hospital in Delhi 18 and much higher compared to an yield of 1:4403 in Medanta, 19 , 1:5000 in Rotary TTK 20 1:17753 in Manipal Hospital. 21 Reasons for variability in yield is due to several factors like wide variation in the pattern of infections among donors, type of test employed, type of kit, sensitivity of the test and accuracy of methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…21 Reasons for variability in yield is due to several factors like wide variation in the pattern of infections among donors, type of test employed, type of kit, sensitivity of the test and accuracy of methods. 20 The performance of NAT assay is essentially dependent on analytical sensitivity. Our yield may be lower than some studies due to stringent donor screening criteria followed by us while the yield we obtained is higher than some previous studies may be due to greater sensitivity of the test method employed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seven Years Experience in NAT Testing of Blood Donors in a Tertiary Care Centre

Baruah¹,

Pal²

2019

IJCMR

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Introduction: Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) is a very sensitive and specific test for viral nucleic acids.It reduces the window period for detection of viruses. It is highly beneficial in countries like India which has a high incidence and prevelance of transfusion transmitted infections. NAT is expected to identify many NAT yield cases which are not detected by other serological tests. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis of transfusion transmitted infection (TTI) reactive units in a tertiary care hospital was done over a period of seven years from Jan 2011 to Dec 2018. The blood units were tested by enhanced chemiluminesense technology and Individual donor nucleic acid testing (ID-NAT). NAT yield was calculated for Hepatitis B, C and HIV. Results: Out of 23,378 collected blood units, 380 units (1.62%) were found to be reactive for one or more transfusion transmitted viruses by chemilumunisense and/or NAT. 371 units (1.58%) were found reactive by chemiluminesense and 190 units (0.81%) by NAT. All the NAT yield cases were for hepatitis B virus and it was 9 (1:2597). Conclusion: NAT is more sensitive than chemiluminisense in detection of Hepatitis B. It detects both window period and occult infection.It has made a significant contribution towards ensuring safe blood transfusion by helping in reduction of window period transmission of Hepatitis B. It is important to implement NAT in developing countries like India to enhance transfusion safety.

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“…Therefore, in such a situation, virus screening should necessarily involve detection of the viral load by molecular techniques such as RT-PCR and NAT. Transfusion safety is an approach aimed at ensuring the quality of the blood donation and protecting the recipient from any infectious intrusion [27,28,29,30,31]. Nowadays, the demand for blood donation is increasing every day in hospitals around the world, which goes without saying to improve the blood safety system, also taking into account the emergence of infectious diseases transmissible by transfusion [32,33,34,35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of HIV-1 and Transfusion Safety : Systematic Review and Concepts Analysis

Mangala

Fokam

Maulot-Bangola

et al. 2021

I-SRR

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Background: The genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a real problem facing blood banks. This genetic diversity has a negative impact on diagnostic strategies within the transfusion chain by weakening the security of the donation. The objective of this study is to clarify the concepts emanating from the research project entitled : «Genetic diversity of HIV-1 and its effect on the residual risk in blood transfusion in Gabon». Methods: This study was the result of a systematic review and a conceptual analysis of several studies that were systematically searched for in databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline), and whose object was focused on the genetic diversity of HIV -1 and its impact on transfusion safety. Indeed, the information relating to the concepts coming from the full articles was used. These were obtained by reading the most relevant articles. All relevant studies reporting data on HIV-1 genetic diversity and blood safety published in English between January 2012 and December 2020 have been identified for context. The method of conceptual analysis of « Walker and Avant (2005) » was used to clarify the different concepts of our study. The correlation test was used to show the relationship between the concepts. Results: This systematic review and conceptual analysis study made it possible to determine the variables and to clarify the different concepts (HIV-1, Genetic diversity, Blood transfusion, Residual risk) essential for carrying out our research project entitled: "Genetic diversity of HIV-1 and its effect on the residual risk in blood transfusion". This model made it possible to show the effect of the genetic diversity of HIV-1 on the residual risk in blood transfusion using as model variables : viral load and serological markers (Antibodies and P24 Antigen). Knowledge of molecular strains (URF, CRF, subtypes) during this study made it possible to better identify the molecular strains most involved in the residual risk. Despite its complexity, this conceptual analysis contributed enormously to the understanding of the activities and the quantifiable and non-quantifiable components that participated in our study. Statistical analysis showed that the HIV-1 concept was significantly related to the other three concepts with P = 0.001. Likewise for the concept of genetic diversity was also significantly linked to the two other concepts with P = 0.003. Conclusion: The genetic diversity of HIV-1 in the blood transfusion environment contributes significantly to the transmission of HIV from donor to recipient. The mastery of these molecular strains is essential for the various blood banks to ensure a safe blood supply.

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A study of centralized individual donor nucleic acid testing for transfusion transmitted infections to improve blood safety in Karnataka, India

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Viral safety of recovered plasma for contract fractionation; an Iranian experience, 2006–2015

Viral safety of recovered plasma for contract fractionation; an Iranian experience, 2006–2015

Seven Years Experience in NAT Testing of Blood Donors in a Tertiary Care Centre

Genetic Diversity of HIV-1 and Transfusion Safety : Systematic Review and Concepts Analysis

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