“…In the absence of DRTs, some natural sources have been exploited for studying atmospheric dispersion. Radon that is naturally emitted from the land surface has been widely used as a tracer, particularly for assessing vertical transport (Feichter and Crutzen, 1990;Jacob and Prather, 1990;Aoshima et al, 2005;Karstens et al, 2015, Grossi et al, 2016Williams et al, 2016). However, there remain substantial uncertainties regarding the magnitude and variability of radon flux (which is influenced by factors such soil moisture, Karstens, et al 2015), which will limit the accuracy of model calibration efforts based on radon measurements.…”