A study of arsenic in regular-sized unfiltered and filtered cigarettes

Holland, Robert H.; Wilson, Russell H.; Acevedo, Antonio; McCall, Mary Sue; Clark, D A; Lanz, Henry

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(195811/12)11:6<1115::aid-cncr2820110605>3.0.co;2-z

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Jun26 1957 1B5B 1959 1957 195B 1959 1957 195B 1959 Data from the field experiments show quite clearly that even at the highest rate of As added to the soil, the concentration of As in tobacco was considerably lower than that reported in cigarettes by Holland et al (13) and Satterlee (19). This relatively low concentration in the leaf may be due either to the inability of the plant to absorb larger amounts of As, or to the low level of chemicallyavailable As in the soil.…”

Section: Lnmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Interest in the cancer-smoking relationship has focused attention on the possible association between the arsenic content of cigarettes and the development of lung cancer. Both Satterlee ( 19) and Holland et al ( 13) have noted that coincident with the increase in arsenic in cigarettes during the [1932][1933][1934][1935][1936][1937][1938][1939][1940][1941][1942][1943][1944][1945][1946][1947][1948][1949][1950][1951] period, there was an increao:e in the death rate from lung cancer. It has been implied that this relationship is one of cause and effect.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Influence of Arsenic Applied to the Growth Media on the Arsenic Content of Flue‐Cured Tobacco¹

Small¹,

McCants²

1962

Agronomy Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Synopsis The concentration of As in the cured leaf of field‐grown flue‐cured tobacco varied from 2 ppm where no As was applied to the soil to 14.3 ppm where the rate of application was 48 pounds As per acre (288 pounds lead arsenate). The highest concentration was in leaves from plants grown on the sandier soils and decreased as the clay and iron content of the soil increased. The As content of the aerial portion was considerably lower than that of roots of plants grown in sand cultures containing soluble As.

show abstract

Section: Lnmentioning

confidence: 84%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Arsenic Applied to the Growth Media on the Arsenic Content of Flue‐Cured Tobacco¹

Small¹,

McCants²

1962

Agronomy Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bailey, Kennaway and Urquhart (1957), Satterlee (1956), and Holland et al (1958 Carey, Blodgett and Satterlee (1934) have reported a high arsenic content of the dusts in urban atmospheres. The former investigators found a higher arsenic content in industrialized communities than in residential areas and they also noticed more arsenic in the dusts in the winter than in the summer months.…”

Section: Materials For Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…evidence by Satterlee (1956) and Holland et al (1958) has shown a high arsenic concentration in urban atmosphere, and a 200-600 per cent increase in the arsenic content of most American cigarette tobaccos from 1932 to 1957. Thus the arsenic inhaled from our environment, cigarette smoke, etc., becomes a potential carcinogen when deposited in our respiratory systems and is worthy of exhaustive investigation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arsenic Content of Bronchial Mucosa and Submucosa in Man

Holland¹,

Acevedo²,

Clark³

1960

Br J Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

POPULATIONs exposed to arsenic dusts and fumes have a high incidence of lung cancer according to six recent reports by Liebegott (1949), Hess (1956), Lull and Wallach (1956), Osburn (1957), Roth (1957) and Braun (1958). Additional evidence by Satterlee (1956) There are no known analyses of the arsenic content of bronchial mucosa and submucosa, however, Bailey (1957) and Sula and Zelenkova (1957) did determine the arsenic content of parenchymal lung tissue and bronchial lymph nodes. It is interesting to note that the latter two investigators found 2-70-times more arsenic in the bronchial lymph nodes than in any other organ in the body and the more anthracotic the lung and bronchial lymph nodes the higher was the arsenic content. Unfortunately, these studies did not include bronchial mucosa and submucosa, where most, if not all primary lung cancers arise. Therefore, it was felt 'that an arsenic analysis of these strata should be performed on autopsy specimens from lung cancer victims and from cadavers that showed no evidence of neoplastic disease in the respiratory system. MATERIAL FOR ANALYSESThe specimens in this study were removed from male cadavers whose ages, occupations and smoking histories can be found in Table 1. The lower trachea, carina, main stem and lobar bronchi were removed intact with their lymph nodes from 15 victims of lung cancer and from 23 cadavers who showed no evidence of neoplastic disease in the respiratory system grossly or on histological examination.The specimens were removed within 10 hours after death and the mucosa with its submucosa was stripped from the underlying fibrous tissue and placed in a Petri dish (Fig. 1). The lymph nodes were then dissected from the specimen and treated in a similar manner.

show abstract

“…Holland and co‐workers (32) noted general agreement that arsenic is carcinogenic for man; for example, lung cancer is a specific hazard in vineyard workers using arsenical sprays. They pointed out that the arsenic content of regular‐size unfiltered American cigarettes increased from 7.5–30 parts per million in the period 1932–1933 to 425–520 parts per million in 1957—an increase of 200–600 per cent.…”

Section: Experimental Evidence Purporting To Show a Connection Betweementioning

confidence: 99%

Host‐tumor Antagonism. Xxvi. The Controversy on Smoking and Lung Cancer: Application of Occam's Razor and Loeb's Law*

Pelner¹

1962

J American Geriatrics Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

THE PROBLEMEpidemiologic evidence relating lung cancer to cigarette smoking has come from two types of study-retrospective and prospective. In the retrospective type, smoking habits and other factors in the histories of patients dying with bronchiogenic carcinoma are reviewed. Such studies have shown a number of variables associated with carcinoma of the lung, but the most startling correlation has been with heavy cigarette smoking. Prospective studies involve the continuing observation of healthy subjects to ascertain the cause of death and the association, if any, with various degrees of smoking. Two sizable prospective studies have been made, viz, that of Hill and Doll (1) on 35,000 British physicians, and that of Hammond and Horn (2,3) on 187,983 white men between the ages of 50 and 69. In both studies, the frequency of death from lung cancer among nonsmokers was strikingly lower than among heavy smokers.

show abstract

A study of arsenic in regular-sized unfiltered and filtered cigarettes

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Influence of Arsenic Applied to the Growth Media on the Arsenic Content of Flue‐Cured Tobacco¹

Influence of Arsenic Applied to the Growth Media on the Arsenic Content of Flue‐Cured Tobacco¹

The Arsenic Content of Bronchial Mucosa and Submucosa in Man

Host‐tumor Antagonism. Xxvi. The Controversy on Smoking and Lung Cancer: Application of Occam's Razor and Loeb's Law*

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

A study of arsenic in regular-sized unfiltered and filtered cigarettes

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Influence of Arsenic Applied to the Growth Media on the Arsenic Content of Flue‐Cured Tobacco1

Influence of Arsenic Applied to the Growth Media on the Arsenic Content of Flue‐Cured Tobacco1

The Arsenic Content of Bronchial Mucosa and Submucosa in Man

Host‐tumor Antagonism. Xxvi. The Controversy on Smoking and Lung Cancer: Application of Occam's Razor and Loeb's Law*

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Influence of Arsenic Applied to the Growth Media on the Arsenic Content of Flue‐Cured Tobacco¹

Influence of Arsenic Applied to the Growth Media on the Arsenic Content of Flue‐Cured Tobacco¹