A study of amber and copal samples using FT-Raman spectroscopy

Brody, Rachel H.; Edwards, Howell G. M.; Pollard, A. M.

doi:10.1016/s1386-1425(01)00387-0

Cited by 113 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Holocompsa nigra Gorokhov andAnisyutkin, 2007 (in Gorokhov, 2007) is a strongly justified fossil (accession number 371428 at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C., USA) from Dominican amber (26-15 Ma based on spectroscopal analysis (Brody et al, 2001)). The pronotal shape, tegminal venation (reduced apical venation, angulate plical furrow, and coriaceous basally), hindwing venation (presence of pterostigma formed by radius or radius and medial veins), and body hairs all support this fossil's placement as Holocompsa Burmeister, 1838(Gorokhov, 2007.…”

Section: Other Calibrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fossil calibrations for the cockroach phylogeny (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Blattodea), comments on the use of wings for their identification, and a redescription of the oldest Bla

Evangelista

Djernæs

Kohli

2017

Palaeontologia Electronica

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Section: Other Calibrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fossil calibrations for the cockroach phylogeny (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Blattodea), comments on the use of wings for their identification, and a redescription of the oldest Bla

Evangelista

Djernæs

Kohli

2017

Palaeontologia Electronica

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“…FT Raman spectroscopy failed to overcome the problem. 11,12 Cross The coating of the underlying yellow bole [layer b, Plate 5(C), 1], which originates from the adjacent gilt background, consists of hydrated iron oxide and large amounts of kaolinite producing the characteristic FTIR peaks of the outer OH groups at 3698 cm 1 and of the inner groups at 3619 cm 1 . The strong peaks between 900 and 1100 cm 1 are attributed to the Si-O, Si-O-Si, Si-O-Al and Al-OH groups.…”

Section: Materials and Techniques Of The Original Painting And The Ovmentioning

confidence: 99%

An extensive non‐destructive and micro‐spectroscopic study of two post‐Byzantine overpainted icons of the 16th century

Daniilia

Bikiaris

Burgio

et al. 2002

J Raman Spectroscopy

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This work is an extensive study of two post-Byzantine icons, 'Our Lady, the Life-giving Spring' and 'Saint Athanasios the Athonite,' both painted during the 16th century and now kept at Saint Modestos's Church in Kalamitsi, Chalkidiki, Greece. The icons were examined using non-destructive and microanalytical techniques, namely fluorescence photography under UV light, x-radiography and optical microscopy, in addition to micro-Raman and micro-Fourier transform IR spectroscopy. This study allowed the assessment of the current state of preservation of these icons, revealed prior damage and identified in detail the pigments and materials used in the original paintings and overpaintings. Moreover, it confirmed the usefulness of this approach to the detailed evaluation of icons in general and provided significant structural data on representative portable icons of Cretan-style religious painting. The palette for the original paintings of the two icons consists of the natural pigments caput mortuum, yellow ochre, carbon black, azurite, green earth, cinnabar, white lead, red lake and copper resinate; egg yolk was used as the binder. By contrast, the rather elementary overpaintings are of low tonality, consisting predominantly of mixtures of minium and carbon black, and also the synthetic pigments ultramarine blue, ''chrome green'' (Prussian blue + lead chromate), chrome yellow and lithopone. A blend of linseed oil and egg provided the binder for the pigments used. The same artist is understood from art historians to have overpainted both icons at the beginning of the 20th century.

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“…The bands at 1206 cm 1 can be assigned to υ(CCH) modes of terpenoids and the band at 1143 cm 1 to (CC) ring-breathing modes of terpenoids of these resins, similar to the case of fossil resins from the Baltic Sea. 4 The spectrum of neudorfite (sample 4) contains a band at 1379 cm 1 , but other bands from this region have a similar intensity (1363, 1335, 1321 and 1303 cm 1 ). Not well-resolved spectra from Skutíčko and Pekelec display in this area only a broad band with a maximum intensity about 1360 cm 1 , perhaps documenting degradation in these fossil resins.…”

Section: -1100 CM −1 Regionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Later it was confirmed that fossil resins with a higher degree of maturity display values of this ratio <1, compared with immature resins (copals), for which these values are >1. 4,12,13 .…”

Section: Fossil Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fourier transform Raman spectra of Czech and Moravian fossil resins from freshwater sediments

Jehlička

Villar

Edwards

2004

J Raman Spectroscopy

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Fourier Transform (FT) Raman spectra were obtained from 10 fossil resin specimens differing in localities, precise paleoecological situation and geological age. The series investigated includes amber from Moravia and Bohemia designated by local names: valchovite, retinite, neudorfite, schauffite and muckite. All fossil resins originate from freshwater deposits of Cenomanian age (Mesozoic). Non-altered amber from Jantarnaja (Baltic Russia), highly matured amber, rumanite and simetite and also přílepite of Westphalian age (Carboniferous) were investigated for comparison material. The FT-Raman spectra indicates the similarity between Bohemian and Moravian fossil resins and Baltic (Eocene) and Lebanon (Cretaceous) ambers. Important differences exist among the FT-Raman spectra obtained. Similarities between spectra of fossil resins of different ages, and differences between similar materials sampled at close localities, suggest the importance of the post-depositional conditions and alteration on the character of the resulting fossil resin.

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A study of amber and copal samples using FT-Raman spectroscopy

Cited by 113 publications

References 7 publications

Fossil calibrations for the cockroach phylogeny (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Blattodea), comments on the use of wings for their identification, and a redescription of the oldest Bla

Fossil calibrations for the cockroach phylogeny (Insecta, Dictyoptera, Blattodea), comments on the use of wings for their identification, and a redescription of the oldest Bla

An extensive non‐destructive and micro‐spectroscopic study of two post‐Byzantine overpainted icons of the 16th century

Fourier transform Raman spectra of Czech and Moravian fossil resins from freshwater sediments

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