A study in contrasts: two extensive Neotropical radiations

Patterson, Bruce D.; Upham, Nathan S.

doi:10.3389/fevo.2014.00044

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…Including squirrels, pocket mice, harvest mice and other groups, nearly 650 rodent species occur on the continent [ 27 ], exploiting fossorial, terrestrial, cursorial, arboreal, and semi-aquatic niches occupied by various mammal groups on other continents [ 32 ]. Caviomorphs and sigmodontines thus comprise the two principal monophyletic lineages of rodents in South America [ 33 ], with sharply contrasting histories of colonization of the continent [ 34 ]. Inside each radiation, phylogenetic analyses have established well-supported monophyletic lineages (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Species Richness and Turnover for the South American Rodent Fauna

Maestri

Patterson

2016

PLoS ONE

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Understanding the spatial distribution of species sheds light on the group’s biogeographical history, offers clues to the drivers of diversity, and helps to guide conservation strategies. Here, we compile geographic range information for South America’s diverse rodents, whose 14 families comprise ~50% of the continent’s mammalian species. The South American rodent fauna is dominated by independent and temporally staggered radiations of caviomorph and sigmodontine groups. We mapped species richness and turnover of all rodents and the principal clades to identify the main predictors of diversity patterns. Species richness was highest in the Andes, with a secondary hotspot in Atlantic Forest and some regions of considerable richness in Amazonia. Differences in richness were evident between the caviomorphs and sigmodontines, the former showing the greatest richness in tropical forests whereas the latter show—and largely determine—the all-rodent pattern. Elevation was the main predictor of sigmodontine richness, whereas temperature was the principal variable correlated with richness of caviomorphs. Across clades, species turnover was highest along the Andes and was best explained by elevational relief. In South America, the effects of the familiar latitudinal gradient in species richness are mixed with a strong longitudinal effect, triggered by the importance of elevation and the position of the Andes. Both latitudinal and elevational effects help explain the complicated distribution of rodent diversity across the continent. The continent’s restricted-range species—those seemingly most vulnerable to localized disturbance—are mostly distributed along the Andes and in Atlantic Forest, with the greatest concentration in Ecuador. Both the Andes and Atlantic Forest are known hotspots for other faunal and floral components. Contrasting patterns of the older caviomorph and younger sigmodontine radiations underscore the interplay of both historical and ecological factors in determining present-day diversity patterns.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%