A study examining depression in restless legs syndrome

Gupta, Ravi; Lahan, Vivekananda; Goel, Divya

doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2013.01.011

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…[78] However, there is mounting evidence that bupropion, a selective noradrenergic-dopaminergic reuptake inhibitor, does not exacerbate the symptoms of RLS. [8] In some studies, bupropion has been found to relieve symptoms of RLS with an added advantage of fewer side effects, tolerable adverse drug reactions (ADR) ADRs, and reasonable cost compared with dopamine agonists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial to compare the efficacy and tolerability of fixed doses of ropinirole, bupropion, and iron in treatment of restless legs syndrome (Willis-Ekbom disease)

Vishwakarma

Kalra

Gupta

et al. 2016

Ann Indian Acad Neurol

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Background:We aimed to compare the efficacy of fixed doses of bupropion and ropinirole and iron alone for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (RLS) and to look for the tolerability of these medications.Materials and Methods:Patients diagnosed with RLS were randomly divided into three groups with thirty patients in each group (Group A: Bupropion [300 mg/day], Group B: Ropinirole [0.25–0.5 mg/day], and Group C: Oral iron [150 mg elemental iron] along with folic acid [500 μg]). Each participant was then assessed for severity of RLS, as well as RLS-related quality at the baseline, and thereafter, every 14th day till 6 weeks based on the International Restless Legs Scale (IRLS) severity rating scale and Restless Legs Syndrome Quality of Life (RLSQoL) Questionnaire, respectively.Results:IRLS scores differed significantly from baseline visit to last (F = 4.85; P = 0.01). The interaction between the time x treatment group was significant (F = 10.37; P < 0.001) showing an improvement with the therapy in all the groups. Pair-wise comparison depicted that ropinirole group differed from other two groups in IRLS score (F = 7.06; P = 0.001), which were comparable to each other. Regarding quality of life of these cases, within each group scores differed among all the four visits (F = 5.12; P = 0.002). Unlike IRLS, there was no significant difference among the RLSQOL scores between groups at any point of time (F = 1.2; P = 0.28).Conclusion:RLS severity decreased across time in all three groups; however, the ropinirole treatment was better than the bupropion and iron-folate therapy. Moreover, RLS-related quality of life although improved among all groups, it was comparable among three groups.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial to compare the efficacy and tolerability of fixed doses of ropinirole, bupropion, and iron in treatment of restless legs syndrome (Willis-Ekbom disease)

Vishwakarma

Kalra

Gupta

et al. 2016

Ann Indian Acad Neurol

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“…Clinical depression is 2-4 times more frequent in patients with RLS than in controls (25). This is not an extension of chronic insomnia, it is a comorbidity (26). Sleep-related disorders are present in 43.4% of patients with RLS (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Fibromyalgia in Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome

Yılmaz¹,

Cantürk²,

Düz³

et al. 2016

tnd

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Objective: To determine the prevalence of fibromyalgia (FM) in patients with Restless legs syndrome (RLS), and to evaluate the relationship of FM and the scales of quality of life. Materials and Methods:Thirty patients aged between 18-65 years (20 females, 10 males) with RLS and 30 healthy control subjects (17 female, 13 male) participated in our study. The patients were assessed using the the RLS Severity Rating Scale. The Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Questionnaire, and Quality of Life Short form-36 (SF-36) were given to both the patient and control group. The American College of Rheumatology criteria were used to diagnose FM. Results:The average age of the patients was 44.73±11.23 years, the average age of the control group was 46.00±12.23 years. The prevalence of FM was 36.7% in the patient group and 6.7% in the control group (p=0.01). PSQI, depression and anxiety scores were significantly worse in the patient group (p=0.0001; p=0.004; p=0.000). The patients with RLS had higher scores of mental health, social functioning, pain, and general perception of SF-36, and scale for the evaluation of quality of life (p=0.004; p=0.023; p<0.001; p=0.001; p=0.13); the scores for physical and emotional limitations did not differ between the patient and the control group. However, if a patient with RLS had additional FM symptoms, the general perception scores of the body were worse (p=0.029). When we compared the scores of the patients with both RLS and FM with the healthy group, the anxiety scores were the most increased (three times). Conclusion:The prevelance of FM was frequent (36.67%) in patients with moderate and severe RLS. RLS impairs quality of life. However, coexistence of the two diseases only worsened patients' assessments of their own health score, and affected their anxiety scores the most.

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“…Second, possibly females frequently have medical co‐morbidities, for example, hypothyroidism, which may enhance their chances to seek a medical opinion and thus increasing the chances of RLS to come to clinical attention . Third, few of the conditions that may negatively affect sleep often accompany RLS, for example, insomnia, headache and depression . Even in the absence of RLS, these conditions are more prevalent among women and hence, they could act as a link for higher prevalence of females in a clinic's samples .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent review described the biological predisposition of females towards RLS . However, the literature assessing gender difference with regards to co‐morbidities is scant . To the best of our knowledge, only one study has compared the RLS across genders and concluded that medical co‐morbidities and load of symptoms was higher among females and thus they frequently sought medical help …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,11 Third, few of the conditions that may negatively affect sleep often accompany RLS, for example, insomnia, headache and depression. [12][13][14] Even in the absence of RLS, these conditions are more prevalent among women and hence, they could act as a link for higher prevalence of females in a clinic's samples. 9,12,13 Fourth, the symptoms of RLS themselves could be more disabling among females, thus compelling them to seek medical help more than males.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical presentation of restless legs syndrome: Does the gender matter?

Gupta

Ahmad

Dhar

et al. 2014

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

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This study was conducted to find out whether higher prevalence of females among restless legs syndrome (RLS) patients in a clinical setting is related to clinical presentation and co-morbid conditions. A total of 173 consecutive patients with idiopathic RLS were included in this study after obtaining permission from the institutional ethics committee. Their demographic data, history of RLS, associated sleep problems and family history were gathered. Severity of RLS was also measured with the help of IRLS. Results have shown that out of 173 subjects, 29.6% were males. Male subjects in this study were nearly 4 years older than females (P = 0.04). Symptoms were experienced in both legs in all subjects except 3% of females who reported involvement of one leg. Some of the patients reported symptoms in other parts of body as well! 27.5% of males and 33.6% of females reported involvement of other parts of body in addition to the legs (χ 2 = 0.62; P = 0.27). Explanations of sensory symptoms e.g., "tingling", "restlessness", "tickling" were two times more common in females while males reported "pricking", "just pain" and "stretching" twice as commonly as females. Severity of RLS did not differ between groups (χ 2 = 1.51; P = 0.67). Similarly, sleep problems were comparable across genders (88.2% males vs. 93.4% females; χ 2 = 1.31; P = 0.25). Family history was comparable across genders. In conclusion, clinical presentation of RLS did not differ across genders. The observed female predominance in the RLS is not related to clinical presentation.

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A study examining depression in restless legs syndrome

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial to compare the efficacy and tolerability of fixed doses of ropinirole, bupropion, and iron in treatment of restless legs syndrome (Willis-Ekbom disease)

A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial to compare the efficacy and tolerability of fixed doses of ropinirole, bupropion, and iron in treatment of restless legs syndrome (Willis-Ekbom disease)

The Prevalence of Fibromyalgia in Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome

Clinical presentation of restless legs syndrome: Does the gender matter?

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