A structured approach for the assessment of internal dose: the IDEAS guidelines

Abstract

The need for harmonisation of the procedures for internal dose assessment has been recognised within an EU research project under the 5th Framework Programme. The aim of the IDEAS project was to develop general guidelines for standardising assessments of intakes and internal doses. It started in October 2001 and ended in June 2005. The project is closely related to some goals of the work of Committee 2 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection and since 2003 there has been close co-operation between the two groups. The general philosophy of the guidelines is focusing on the principles of harmonisation, accuracy and proportionality. The proposed system of 'level of task' to structure the approach of internal dose evaluation is also reported. Some details of the internal structure of the guidelines for the different pathways of intake are provided.

Biological and internal dosimetry for radiation medicine: current status and future perspectives

“…Such assessments require several steps starting from monitoring, such as whole body counting or urinary excretion measurement, followed by application of biokinetic and dosimetric models and estimation of the exposure time, physical and chemical characteristic of radioactive substances, mode of intake, etc. [ 38 ]. Since the assessment technique involves many parameters consisting of the number of variable and uncertainties, the results may vary over a wide range depending on the experience of the assessor.…”

“…There are many different approaches for the interpretation of monitoring results demonstrated earlier in ICRP Publication. The reliability of the dose assessment depends on the number and type of the monitoring data [ 38 ]. Some additional information might be considered as input parameters, such as time of intake, route of intake, aerosol size, GI tract absorption factor, etc.…”

Optimal Monitoring Intervals and MDA Requirements for Routine Individual Monitoring of Occupational Intakes Based on the ICRP OIR

“…IAEA suggested a use of the derived recording level (DRL) which is actually measured quantities corresponding to the predetermined recording level. Similarly, General Guidelines for the Estimation of Committed Effective Dose from Incorporation Monitoring Data (IDEAS Guidelines) published by the European Radiation Dosimetry Group (EU-RADOS) also provided a similar concept with the DRL by application of critical monitoring quantities (Mc) which are the amount of activity retained or excreted at the end of a monitoring period that determines an intake that would result in a committed effective dose of 0.1 mSv in a year [8][9][10]. In order to perform routine monitoring of DRLs or Mc, the minimum detectable activity (MDA) of the measurement system needs to be less than those values.…”

Simulação de uma gama-câmara para medidas de atividade de 99mTc com o código monte carlo gate

“…Estes elementos, enquanto estão presentes em quantidades significativas no corpo humano, irradiam órgãos e tecidos, podendo levar a uma dose absorvida que signifique riscos à saúde. A proteção dos trabalhadores contra os riscos dos radionuclídeos incorporados deve ser avaliada a partir da monitoração das entradas potenciais e /ou a quantificação, seja de contagens de corpo inteiro (monitoração "in vivo"), seja através da análise de indicadores biológicos (monitoração in vitro), requerendo a aplicação de modelos biocinéticos e dosimétricos e de outros parâ-metros envolvidos nos procedimentos de monitoração [2,3]. A Comissão Internacional de Proteção Radiológica (ICRP) se preocupa há muitos anos com o problema da interação da radiação ionizante no corpo humano.…”