A Structure Landmark-Based Radio Signal Mapping Approach for Sustainable Indoor Localization

Abstract

Low cost and high reproducible is a key issue for sustainable location-based services. Currently, Wi-Fi fingerprinting based indoor positioning technology has been widely used in various applications due to the advantage of existing wireless network infrastructures and high positioning accuracy. However, the collection and construction of signal radio map (a basis for Wi-Fi fingerprinting-based localization) is a labor-intensive and time-cost work, which limit their practical and sustainable use. In this study, an indoor signal mapping approach is proposed, which extracts fingerprints from unknown signal mapping routes to construct the radio map. This approach employs special indoor spatial structures (termed as structure landmarks) to estimate the location of fingerprints extracted from mapping routes. A learning-based classification model is designed to recognize the structure landmarks along a mapping route based on visual and inertial data. A landmark-based map matching algorithm is also developed to attach the recognized landmarks to a map and to recover the location of the mapping route without knowing its initial location. Experiment results showed that the accuracy of landmark recognition model is higher than 90%. The average matching accuracy and location error of signal mapping routes is 96% and 1.2 m, respectively. By using the constructed signal radio map, the indoor localization error of two algorithms can reach an accuracy of 1.6 m.

Combining Wi-Fi Fingerprinting and Pedestrian Dead Reckoning to Mitigate External Factors for a Sustainable Indoor Positioning System

“…The WIFI fingerprint technique [9,13,14] has been more widely used than any other sustainable indoor positioning method due to its advantages. The fingerprint-based indoor positioning system achieves an accuracy in the range of 2-5 m [13] for the wireless local area network (WLAN) RSS using the KNN comparison/probabilistic method with the recorded offline data.…”

“…It requires the maintenance of a correct radio map fingerprint dataset [24] to periodically estimate the precise position [16,34]. The location-aware map [9] uses the conscious position, camera image, and fusion of the [35] inertial sensor to solve this venture in a practical world.…”

“…Indoor positioning systems (IPS) and location-based services (LBS) play an important role in enhancing the sustainability of smart buildings. These sustainable indoor localization technologies [9] enable smartphones to provide accurate and real-time locations of people, assets, and equipment within a building, allowing for an efficient use of space and resources. By accurately tracking the location of people and assets, building managers can optimize energy usage, lighting, and heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems to reduce waste and minimize carbon emissions.…”