“…Due to its increased complexity, the automatic routing of a complete system has to be tackled differently from the circuit level. These concepts have been discussed in several works [127] [136], where the routing constraints have to be successfully propagated through the system hierarchy, and, the different pins/ports made available to the levels below/above. Similarly, in ALIGN (2019-2021) [169]- [172], electrical performance metrics for the system are percolated down to individual sub-blocks and translated into layout rules, with the specific routing tasks being integrated into each hierarchical level.…”