A Structure-Activity Relationship of Some Chlorinated Hydrocarbons

Sato, Masayuki; Nakajima, Minoru

doi:10.1080/00039896.1979.10667371

Cited by 137 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The quotient between the concentration of tetrachloroethene in blood and in alveolar air is rather constant [15.2 (SD 2.6)]. This finding corresponds well with the blood/gas partition coefficient of 13.1 measured by Sato & Nakajima (10). The olive oillgas partition coefficient for tetrachloroethene is about 2,000 (1, 10).…”

Section: Trichloroethanol Concentration In Urinesupporting

confidence: 74%

Biological monitoring of occupational exposure to tetrachloroethene.

Monster¹,

Regouin-Peeters²,

A³

et al. 1983

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Biological monitoring of occupational exposure to tetrachloroethene. Scand j work environ health 9 (1983) 273-281. In the breathing zone of 32 workers concentrations of tetrachloroethene were measured during five consecutive workdays. The feasibility of biological monitoring was tested by the measurement of the concentrations of tetrachloroethene in blood and exhaled air and the urinary excretion of trichloroacetic acid and trichloroethanol. The best parameter to estimate the time-weighted average exposure to tetrachloroethene over the whole workweek appears to be the concentration of both tetrachloroethene and trichloroacetic acid in blood 15-30 min after the end of the workday at the end of the workweek. Among the noninvasive methods the best parameter is the tetrachloroethene concentration in exhaled air 15-30 min after work at the end of the workweek, followed by the measurement of trichloroacetic acid in urine at the end of the workweek. In exposure to 2,050 pmol of tetrachloroethene/m3 (340 mg/m3, 50 ppm) the eshmated values for the biological parameters are 13.2 pmol of tetrachloroethenell of blood, 33 tun01 of trichloroacetic acidP of blood, 920 pmol of tetrachloroethenelm3 of exhaled air and 6.1 ymol of trichloroacetic acidlmmol of creatinine in urine, respectively. With 95 % confidence it may be stated that an individual with a value for a biological parameter not exceeding 8.3 pmol of tetrachloroethenell of blood, 20 pmol of trichloroacetic acid11 of blood, 515 pmol of tetrachloroethene/m3 of exhaled air and 3.0 ymol of trichloroacetic acidlmmol of creatinine, respectively, had an exposure not exceeding 2,050 pmol of tetrachloroethene/m3. The measurement of trichloroethanol in urine may be used for the estimation of the time-weighted average exposure over the previous 2 d. The concentration of tetrachloroethene in exhaled air 15-30 min after exposure had little value for the estimation of the time-weighted average exposure over the last 4 h. On Monday morning the concentration of tetrachloroethene in exhaled air is still about 15 % of the time-weighted average exposure concentration during the whole preceding workweek. The half-time of trichloroacetic acid in urine and blood during the weekend is about 65-90 h. K e y terms: metabolism, trichloroacetic acid, trichloroethanol. Tetrachloroethene(tetrachloroethylene, perchloroethylene) i s a volatile, nonflammable liquid widely used a s a degreasi n g a n d drycleaning solvent. T h e u p t a k e of tetrachloroethene by the lung is rather high (alveolar retention 60-80 %) (2,8) because of its high solubility i n blood a n d

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Section: Trichloroethanol Concentration In Urinesupporting

confidence: 74%

Biological monitoring of occupational exposure to tetrachloroethene.

Monster¹,

Regouin-Peeters²,

A³

et al. 1983

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…Other studies describing empirical relations between tissue, oil, and saline partition coefficients, e.g., for chlorinated alkanes in human blood (Sato and Nakajima, 1979b) and for VOCs in several rat tissues (Gargas et al, 1989), have performed regressions on logarithmically transformed data using equations for tissue partitioning similar to Eq. (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical Relations Predicting Human and Rat Tissue:Air Partition Coefficients of Volatile Organic Compounds

Meulenberg

Vijverberg

2000

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

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Based on the hypothesis that tissue partitioning of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is due to lipophilic and hydrophilic interactions with tissue components, empirical relations are established between olive oil (P oil:air ), saline (P saline:air ), and tissue partition coefficients (P tissue:air ) for human and rat tissues. Reported values of partition coefficients of a wide range of VOCs with distinct chemical structures (n ‫؍‬ 137) have been compiled from the literature. Bilinear regression analysis shows that partition coefficients of VOCs in human blood, brain, fat, liver, kidney, and muscle tissues are well described by a linear combination of P oil:air and P saline:air with tissue-specific regression coefficients. The regression coefficient associated with the hydrophilic component of VOC partitioning in rat tissues is systematically higher than that of human tissues. For the human model, tissue concentrations calculated from predicted partition coefficients are generally within a factor 4 of tissue concentrations calculated from experimentally observed partition coefficients. These results demonstrate that, without prior knowledge of tissue composition, it is possible to obtain estimates of human tissue partition coefficients of VOCs with an accuracy that is in the same range as that commonly used in risk assessment.

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“…The values of oil and saline partition coefficients for the organic solvents previously determined in two separate studies (Sato & Nakajima 1979a, 1979bGargas et al, 1989) and the presently measured values are compared in Figure 2. Values for P water:air reported by Nakajima (1979a, 1979b) and for P saline:air reported by Gargas et al (1989) (Figure 2A) plotted against the present results are close to the unity line.…”

Section: Partition Coefficients Of Organic Solventsmentioning

confidence: 99%