A structural-morphological study of radiation grafted copolymers of polyethylene with polyacrylic acid

Sidorova, L. P.; Aliyev, A.D.; Zlobin, V.B.; Chalykh, A.Ye.; Kabanov, V.Ya.

doi:10.1016/0032-3950(86)90330-8

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…SEM also confirms the presence of grafted polyacrylamide on PE‐ co ‐PP, which exists in the form of anchors, i.e., attachments on the surface of fibers of the fabric. These findings are in a good accord with the SEM investigation by studying the morphology of radiation‐grafted copolymers of PE and polyacrylic acid 14…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Use of radiation grafting of polyethylene‐coated polypropylene nonwoven fabric by acrylamide for the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters

Ibrahim

El-Salmawi

El-Naggar

2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AAm) monomer onto polyethylene-coated polypropylene (PE-co-PP) nonwoven fabric was carried out by the mutual irradiation method. The general peculiarities of the grafting have been studied by gravimetric, scanning electron microscope (SEM), mechanical properties, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) methods. The influence of absorbed dose, dose rate, as well as the monomer concentration on the degree of grafting has been determined. Metal ions uptake of Cu 2þ , Co 2þ , Ni 2þ by the grafted fabrics was evaluated.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Use of radiation grafting of polyethylene‐coated polypropylene nonwoven fabric by acrylamide for the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters

Ibrahim

El-Salmawi

El-Naggar

2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…This technique is a simple, easily controlled, and reproducible process. [15][16][17] Ionizing radiation induced grafting is potentially an alternative method for polymer surface modification. 18 Grafted copolymers may be obtained through three main techniques: pre-irradiation, where the polymer matrix is activated and subsequently immersed in the monomer solution; peroxidation, where the polymer matrix is irradiated in the presence of oxygen and thereby forms hydroperoxides which decompose after exposure to room temperature; and simultaneous irradiation, where the polymer matrix is immersed in the monomer solution and both are irradiated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacture of non-thrombogenic polymer surfaces by gamma irradiation to induce simultaneous grafting and heparinization of thin PVC films

Panzarini

Morandim-Giannetti

Guedes

2021

Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers

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Investigations regarding alternative methods for producing polymeric materials with hydrophilic properties have increased considerably. In this context, polymeric biomaterials with hemocompatible surface properties have been successfully obtained by grafting hydrophilic monomers onto commercial polymer films by simultaneous irradiation processes. In this study, simultaneous irradiation and grafting were used to produce a copolymer PVC-co-DMAEMA-co-heparin with hemocompatible surface properties. Characterization by FTIR of the graft copolymer indicates that the increase in monomer grafting levels inhibits the bonding sites to heparin. FTIR-PAS analyses of the graft copolymers showed that the highest graft levels were obtained for the irradiated samples containing 45% of monomer. Heparin, however, could only be detected in the irradiated samples containing 30% of DMAEMA. The analysis of the micrographs, on the other hand, showed that increasing the monomer concentration enhances surface roughness of the graft copolymers. Roughness however decreased with heparin addition. It was possible to verify that an excess of surface roughness of the graft copolymers inhibits anticoagulant properties of heparin, triggering thrombus formation. Platelet adhesion, on its turn, was not significantly affected by the presence of heparin when PVC-co-DMAEMA and PVC-co-DMAEMA-co-heparin, obtained from the systems containing 45% of monomer, are compared. The addition of heparin in the systems containing 30% of DMAEMA resulted in fewer thrombogenic surfaces.

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Direct radiation grafting of acrylic acid to nylon‐6 fabric and the behaviour of the resulting graft copolymer

El‐Naggar

El-Salmawi

Ibraheim

et al. 1995

Polymer International

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The role of certain cations as homopolymer inhibitors in the direct radiation grafting of acrylic acid to nylon-6 fabric was investigated. The grafting solution was methanol and water at a ratio of 30 : 70 ~01%. The maximum graft yield was obtained at 0.08 wt% when using Fez+ and at 0.7% for Fe3+. In addition, the graft yield obtained with the latter ion was higher than that for the former. Moreover, the presence of Na+ and K' salts in concentrations as low as 0.1 wt% caused an increase in the graft yield. The hydrophilic properties investigated indicated that the water absorption of nylon-6 fabric after 9 days increased by 44 times after grafting with poly(acry1ic acid) at 166% graft yield. This ratio became 123 times, when this graft copolymer was transformed to the sodium salt. These ratios became 105 and 490 times for the corresponding recrystallized forms, respectively. A study was made to gain a better understanding of the observed super water absorption using SEM and DSC analysis. SEM micrographs of the recrystallized copolymer indicated the formation of large pores with a dendritic structure. Moreover, DSC showed a decrease in both the heat of fusion and melting point. The grafted nylon-6 fabric showed a noticeable affinity for different dyestuffs. A. M. El-Naggar et al.The morphological structure of the graft copolymer of nylon-6 and its recrystallized form was also investigated. Some hydrophilic properties such as moisture and water regain, as well as super water absorption, were evaluated. EXPERIMENTAL MaterialsNylon-6 fabric. This was a knit weave type (84g/cm2) obtained from Middetex Company, Cairo, Egypt. It was scoured, hydrogen peroxide bleached and was not subjected to a finishing process. Before use, it was washed with a solution containing 5 g/litre Na,CO, and 1% of a non-ionic wetting agent (Sandopan) to remove any undesired materials, which may affect the grafting reaction.Dyestufs. Solar Orange (direct dye), Sandocryl Red B6B (basic dye), Levafix Brilliant Red E-4BA (reactive dye) and Samaron Blue FBL (disperse dye); the first two dyes were kindly supplied by Sandoz, Switzerland, while the third and fourth were from Bayer and Hoechst, Germany, respectively. Monomer and chemicals.Acrylic acid was of purity 99% (Merck, Germany) and was used as received. The other solvents and chemicals were of pure grade and were used without further purification. MethodsGrafting procedure. The direct radiation grafting method was used in the presence of air; the nylon-6 substrates were placed in contact with the grafting solution. The different additives, such as metal salts, were added to the grafting solution, which was then exposed to gamma radiation. Irradiation was carried out at a dose rate of 0.5-0.45 Mrad/h in the cobalt-60 gamma source (made in India) of the National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Cairo, Egypt. The grafted nylon-6 substrates were washed thoroughly with hot distilled water to remove unreacted monomer and surface homopolymer. Then the grafted substrates were extracted in...

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A structural-morphological study of radiation grafted copolymers of polyethylene with polyacrylic acid

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Use of radiation grafting of polyethylene‐coated polypropylene nonwoven fabric by acrylamide for the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters

Use of radiation grafting of polyethylene‐coated polypropylene nonwoven fabric by acrylamide for the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters

Manufacture of non-thrombogenic polymer surfaces by gamma irradiation to induce simultaneous grafting and heparinization of thin PVC films

Direct radiation grafting of acrylic acid to nylon‐6 fabric and the behaviour of the resulting graft copolymer

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