A structural analysis of the first Cardington test

Gillie, Martin; Usmani, Asif; Rotter, J. M.

doi:10.1016/s0143-974x(01)00004-9

Cited by 85 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The experimental -2-findings were also complemented by numerical simulations and analytical investigations [e.g. [3][4][5][6] which provided additional understanding of the main behavioural characteristics. Importantly, the significant role played by the composite floor slab under fire conditions was demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evaluation of the mechanical properties of steel reinforcement at elevated temperature

Elghazouli

Cashell

Izzuddin

2009

Fire Safety Journal

114

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This paper describes an experimental investigation into the influence of elevated temperatures on the mechanical properties of steel reinforcement. The study includes tests carried out under ambient temperature as well as steady-state and transient elevated temperature conditions. A complementary study, in which the residual post-cooling properties of reinforcing bars were examined, is also described. The tests focused on assessing the performance of 6 and 8 mm diameters, although 10 mm bars were also considered in some cases. The specimens included both plain and deformed bars. After providing an outline of the experimental set-up and loading procedures, a detailed account of the test results is presented and discussed. Apart from the evaluation of stress-strain response and the degradation of stiffness and strength properties, particular emphasis is given to assessing the influence of temperature on enhancing the ductility of reinforcement. The findings of this study have direct implications on procedures used for predicting the ultimate behaviour of structural floor elements and assemblages during, and following, exposure to elevated temperatures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evaluation of the mechanical properties of steel reinforcement at elevated temperature

Elghazouli

Cashell

Izzuddin

2009

Fire Safety Journal

114

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“…By contrast the current study focusses on composite steel-frame, concrete floor construction as is commonly used in mid-rise commercial frame structures. Although some essential aspects of the behaviour of these structures in fire can be captured in two dimensions, such an approach misses load redistribution in the out of plane direction which is a key load carrying mechanism available at large deflections, as identified by the Cardington fire tests (Gillie et al, 2001;Kirby, 1998). Thus, when a composite slab is present, three dimensional behaviour must be considered in an analysis to obtain realistic behaviour on a steel frame in fire.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of earthquake damage on the behaviour of composite steel frames in fire

Suwondo

Gillie

Cunningham

et al. 2018

Advances in Structural Engineering

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Fire loading following earthquake loading is possible in any building in a seismic prone area. However, most design approaches do not consider fire following earthquake as a specific loading case. Moreover, seismic design philosophies allow a certain degree of damage in structural elements which make structures more vulnerable when subjected to post-earthquake fire. This study uses three dimensional numerical models to investigate the effect of earthquake damage on the fire resistance of composite steel-frame office buildings. Two types of earthquake damage, fire insulation delamination and residual lateral frame deformation, are investigated. It is concluded that earthquake damage can significantly reduce the fire resistance of composite buildings, with delamination of fire protection having the greatest effect. The results of this study can be used by designers to improve the post-earthquake fire resistance of composite buildings.

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“…However, there is as yet a lack of detail research into the influence of the vertical deflections of protected beams during fire on the tensile membrane actions of the slab panel. For the majority of previous research on modelling composite floor subjected to fire, the beam-to-column and beam-to-beam connections were assumed to behave either as pinned or rigid for simplicity, and the vertical shear and axial tension failures of the connection were not taken into account [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of protected beams and their connections on the fire resistance of composite buildings

Lin

Huang

Fan

2015

Fire Safety Journal

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According to full-scale fire tests, it is noticed that tensile membrane action within the concrete floor slabs plays an important role in affecting the fire resistance of composite buildings. It is well known that the development of tensile membrane actions relies on the vertical support along the edges of the slab panel. However, there is at present a lack of research into the influence of vertical supports on the tensile membrane actions of the floor slabs. In this paper, the performances of a generic three dimensional 45m x 45m composite floor subjected to ISO834 Fire and Natural Fire are investigated. Different vertical support conditions and three steel meshes are applied in order to assess the impact of vertical supports on tensile membrane action of floor slabs. Unlike other existing large scale modelling which assumes the connections behave as pinned or rigid for simplicity, two robust 2-node connection element models developed by the authors are used to model the behaviour of endplate and partial end-plate connections of composite structures under fire conditions. The impact of connections on the 3D behaviour of composite floor is taken into consideration.The load-transfer mechanisms of composite floor when connections fail due to axial tension, vertical shear and bending are investigated. Based on the results obtained, some design recommendations are proposed to enhance the fire resistance of composite buildings.

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A structural analysis of the first Cardington test

Cited by 85 publications

References 2 publications

Experimental evaluation of the mechanical properties of steel reinforcement at elevated temperature

Experimental evaluation of the mechanical properties of steel reinforcement at elevated temperature

Effect of earthquake damage on the behaviour of composite steel frames in fire

The effects of protected beams and their connections on the fire resistance of composite buildings

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