A strategy for the determination of the dielectric permittivity of a lossy soil exploiting GPR surface measurements and a cooperative target

A joint thermal and electromagnetic diagnostics approach for the inspection of thick walls

“…To get a first location of the inclusions with the GPR, the spatial map defined by the normalized amplitude of the contrast functionχ is considered (Soldovieri et al, 2009).…”

“…As introduced and discussed in Soldovieri et al (2009), a threshold T m is also introduced to get the characteristic function U r . In a first approach, we chose the same value (0.5) for the threshold.…”

“…Therefore, as for the thermal imaging, GPR imaging relies upon the fact that the electromagnetic signal is capable of penetrating inside opaque materials. Starting from the knowledge of the scattered field, a reconstruction of the electromagnetic properties of the investigated scene can be achieved by solving an electromagnetic inverse scattering problem, which is is nonlinear (Isernia et al, 1996(Isernia et al, , 1999 and ill-posed (Soldovieri et al, 2009).…”

“…The unknown of the inverse scattering problem is described in terms of the electric contrast function χ (Persico et al, 2005;Persico, 2014;Soldovieri et al, 2009Soldovieri et al, , 2007b:…”

A Controlled-Site Comparison of Microwave Tomography and Time-Reversal Imaging Techniques for GPR Surveys

“…MT also proved capable of providing good results for multi-frequency systems [17]. The effect of background electrical conductivity values on tomographic images was addressed [18]. This latter study showed that the more accurate the estimated background conductivity value, the higher the contrast function image sharpness associated with the anomaly of interest, suggesting that this effect can be alternatively exploited to estimate the background medium conductivity as well.…”