A Stochastic Method for Simulating Near‐Field Seismograms: Application to the 2016 Tottori Earthquake

Abstract

A stochastic finite‐fault approach based on corner frequency (EXSIM) is applied to simulate the Tottori Mw 6.2 earthquake. The parameter κ0 is calculated based on ground motion recordings. Other parameters, such as quality factor (127f0.61) and stress drop (27.97 bars) are taken from our earlier work. The slip distribution refers to the results of Kubo et al. (2017, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-017-0714-3). The geometric spreading function and ground motion duration are taken from Atkinson and Boore (1995, https://doi.org/10.1785/bssa0850010017). The simulated results match well with the observed values in a short period (T < 1 s). In addition, the effects of hanging wall (HW) and footwall (FW) on the simulated values are discussed. The results show that the simulated results of HW stations are more consistent with the observed values than those of FW stations. The differences between simulated Pseudo Spectral Acceleration (PSA) and observed PSA with epicentral distance and azimuth are also analyzed. The results show that the local site amplification and geometric location of stations influence the simulation results for soft soil sites. Overall, the simulated ground motions obtained by applying EXSIM approach matched well with the observed recordings which could be considered as the basis for earthquake‐resistant design during the post‐disaster recovery and could become a powerful tool for earthquake ground motion prediction.

Simulation of Ground Motion From Finite‐Fault Modeling Incorporating the Influence of Duration

“…This is consistent with the conclusion of Dang and Liu (2020), who simulated the 2013 Mw 6.7 Lushan, China earthquake and Dang et al. (2021), who simulated the 2016 Mw 6.2 Tottori, Japan earthquake. Figure 14 shows the simulated PGAs obtained by the path duration defined by Equations and are between the two horizontal recorded values at five stations, while the simulated PGAs obtained by the original path duration defined by Equation significantly overestimate the observed values at stations 053BCJ and 053YPX.…”

“…The model deviation obtained by the three path durations is nearly consistent with the recorded values; the maximum value of the model deviation in the whole period is no more than 0.41. This is consistent with the conclusion of Dang and Liu (2020), who simulated the 2013 Mw 6.7 Lushan, China earthquake and Dang et al (2021), who simulated the 2016 Mw 6.2 Tottori, Japan earthquake. Figure 14 shows In summary, in ground motion simulation, this study recommends using the source rise time determined in Equation 8 as the input parameter, which is consistent with the assumption used in deriving the static corner frequency, in theory, forming a unified whole, but also verified in the actual simulation.…”

Ground Motion Simulations for the 19 January 2020 Jiashi, China, Earthquake Using Stochastic Finite‐Fault Approach

“…From the perspective of the nonuniformity of earthquake ruptures and their randomness during propagation, in most earthquake engineering programs, the stochastic finite‐fault approach based on dynamic corner frequency (EXSIM) has routinely been adopted to simulate near‐field medium‐strong ground motion. Currently, the EXSIM has been proven to be the most effective technique for the simulation of high‐frequency ground motion and is widely applied by many scholars globally (Dang, Cui, & Liu, 2022; Dang, Cui, Liu, & Xia, 2022; Dang, Liu, & Ji, 2022; Dang et al., 2021; J. Z.…”

Comparison of the Dynamic and Static Corner Frequencies in Ground Motion Simulation: Cases Study of Jiuzhaigou Earthquake and Northridge Earthquake

“…According to Boore (2003), the stochastic simulation method has been widely applied in practical engineering due to its simplicity and low number of input parameters. It has been proven to be the most effective technique for simulating ground motions, especially at a frequency of greater than 1 Hz (Chopra et al, 2012;RaghuKanth and Kavitha, 2013;Zafarani et al, 2015;Tanırcan and Yelkenci-Necmioğlu, 2020;Sutar et al, 2020;Sharma et al, 2021;Dang et al, 2021). Boore improved and modified the stochastic finite-fault approach, and thus, it was extensively used and followed by numerous scholars in simulating high-frequency ground motions (Boore and Thompson, 2015).…”