“…As with simpler stigmergy, cognitive stigmergy also studies how actors perform actions that modify their environment, how these modifications guide subsequent action, and how this dynamic process leads to the emergence of complex structures that are impossible to develop by single actors (Grassé, 1959;Heylighen, 2016). However, in considering how human cognition affects this dynamic process, research has found that humans do not simply follow their environment but interpret it and are selectively stimulated by their perceptions of it (Christensen, 2013;Ricci et al, 2006;Rosen & Suthers, 2011;Zamfirescu, Candea, & Radu, 2014). As such, cognitive stigmergy recognizes that humans differentially interpret the environment, created by others, based on their knowledge, experiences, and goals (Dipple et al, 2014;Marsh & Onof, 2008;Susi, Lindblom, & Ziemke, 2003).…”