The
ubiquitous (re)adsorption of atmospheric water by functional
ceramics leads to some applications such as humidity sensing; at the
same time, this phenomenon complicates the understanding of the nature
of original conducting species. We presented herein the effects of
adsorbed water on the electrical properties and charge transport of
K0.8Zn0.4Ti1.6O4, Cs0.7Zn0.35Ti1.65O4, and Cs0.6K0.1Zn0.35Ti1.65O4 lepidocrocite-type alkali titanate ceramics. A small amount of atmospheric
water (0.02–0.33 mol/mol) is merely adsorbed on the external
surface but not intercalated into the interlayer space. In temperature
scan experiments, water sorption leads to the dielectric permittivity/loss
hysteresis loops, where the values upon cooling are unusually larger
than those upon heating. In frequency scan experiments, multiple frequency-
and temperature-dependent anomalies are detected. The AC conductivity
was fitted to the Jonscher universal power law response (σ′AC = σDC + Aωs) from 101 to 106 Hz and 400–25 °C.
We observed an uncommon U-shaped A(T) but an inverted U-shaped s(T), regardless of the interlayer ion, charge per formula
unit, or pellet density. These plots allow a qualitative description
of (i) the apparent activation energy, (ii) the effective dimension
of the conduction pathway, and (iii) the charge carrier concentration,
all as a function of the temperature under the influence of atmospheric
water. Our physical interpretation is potentially applicable to other
systems, providing insights into the (unintentional) water-induced
conductions and complementing rigorous but time-consuming investigations
by controlled humidity experiments.