A steamed broccoli sprout diet preparation that reduces colitis via the gut microbiota

Zhang, Tao; Holman, Johanna; McKinstry, Delaney; Trindade, Bruno Caetano; Eaton, Kathryn A.; Mendoza-Castrejon, Jonny; Ho, Sharon L.; Wells, Emily; Yuan, Hebao; Sun, Duxin; Chen, Grace Y.; Li, Yanyan

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109215

Cited by 12 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…IBD patients often have a less acidic gastrointestinal tract (39) due to altered diet or treatments, and this may result in alterations to gut biogeography (40), especially in mucosal-associated bacterial fractions (41–43). Mouse studies suggest biotransformation of GLR to SFN occurs in the colon (31, 44, 45), and we confirmed the majority of SFN accumulation to occur in the colon with greater resolution using multiple locations along the GI tract in our recently published study (18). Altering the structure and function of bacterial communities could alter if and where sulforaphane is created, which would improve or lessen the impact of having a locally produced anti-inflammatory on the destructive effects of colitis.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Mouse studies suggest biotransformation of glucoraphanin to SFN occurs in the colon (31, 44, 45), and we previously confirmed the majority of SFN accumulation takes place in the colon, with greater resolution using multiple locations along the GI tract (18). Critically, the cecum had low SFN, indicating that it is not responsible for hosting bacterial biotransformation of these bioactives (18).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

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Steamed broccoli sprouts alleviate DSS-induced inflammation and retain gut microbial biogeography in mice

Holman

Colucci

Baudewyns

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are devastating conditions of the gastrointestinal tract with limited treatments, and dietary intervention may be effective, affordable, and safe for managing symptoms. Ongoing research has identified inactive compounds in broccoli sprouts, glucoraphanin, and indicated that mammalian gut microbiota play a role in metabolizing it to the anti-inflammatory sulforaphane. The biogeographic location of participating microbiota and how that affects anti-inflammatory benefits to the host is unknown. We fed specific pathogen free C57BL/6 mice either a control diet or a 10% steamed broccoli sprout diet, and gave a three-cycle regimen of 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water over a 40-day experiment to simulate chronic, relapsing ulcerative colitis. We monitored body weight, fecal characteristics, fecal lipocalin, and bacterial communities from the digesta and epithelium in the jejunum, cecum, and colon. Mice fed the broccoli sprout diet while receiving DSS performed better than mice fed the control diet while receiving DSS for all disease parameters, including significantly more weight gain, lower Disease Activity Index scores, and higher bacterial richness in all gut locations. Bacterial communities were assorted by gut location except in the mice receiving the control diet and DSS treatment. Importantly, our results suggested that broccoli sprout feeding completely abrogated the effects of DSS on gut microbiota, as bacterial communities were similar between mice receiving broccoli sprouts with and without DSS. Collectively, these results strongly support the protective effect of steamed broccoli sprouts against gut microbiota dysbiosis and development of colitis induced by DSS.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Steamed broccoli sprouts alleviate DSS-induced inflammation and retain gut microbial biogeography in mice

Holman

Colucci

Baudewyns

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The readings at wavelengths of 540 nm and 450 nm were measured by a Thermo Scientific Varioskan LUX Multimode Microplate Reader. Serum was collected from mice after euthanasia, and measured for sulforaphane concentration using LC/MS (20).…”

Section: Assessment Of Disease Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diets high in cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli and broccoli sprouts, have particularly been associated with reducing inflammation and cancer risk in the gut (9, 20), in part because of the concentration of sulfur-containing glucosinolates which can be metabolized to bioactive compounds by broccoli- or microbially-sourced enzymes. Isothiocyanates, derived from glucosinolates, have been identified as bioactive candidates for inflammation reduction, including in IBD (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, sulforaphane (SFN), the most well-studied isothiocyanate, inhibits the immune factor NF-kB and downregulates multiple inflammatory signaling pathways (9). Broccoli sprouts, or the purified SFN or precursor compounds, protect against chemical-induced ulcerative colitis in mice (20, 21), but the applicability of previous diet research to CD has been hampered by the use of mouse models which lack the complex immune-dysfunction component of CD (22, 23). Medical professionals will need a clear understanding of how the immune system in CD patients will react to the microbiota changes induced by diet (18, 24), and especially the inclusion of a sulfur-rich diet which complicates hot-microbe interactions in the gut (25), as CD patients are historically been advised to avoid cruciferous vegetables (24).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early life exposure to broccoli sprouts confers stronger protection against enterocolitis development in an immunological mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease

Holcomb

Holman

Hurd

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are chronic conditions characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that heavily burden daily life, result in surgery or other complications, and disrupt the gut microbiome. How IBD influences gut microbial ecology, especially biogeographic patterns of microbial location, and how the gut microbiota can use diet components and microbial metabolites to mediate disease, are still poorly understood. Many studies on diet and IBD in mice use a chemically induced ulcerative colitis model, despite the availability of an immune-modulated Crohn's Disease model. Interleukin-10-knockout (IL-10-ko) mice on a C57BL/6 background, beginning at age 4 or 7 weeks, were fed either a control diet or one containing 10% (w/w) raw broccoli sprouts which was high in the sprout-sourced anti-inflammatory sulforaphane. Diets began 7 days prior to inoculation with Helicobacter hepaticus, which triggers Crohn's-like symptoms in these immune-impaired mice, and ran for two additional weeks. Key findings of this study suggest that the broccoli sprout diet increases sulforaphane concentration in plasma; decreases weight stagnation, fecal blood, and diarrhea associated with enterocolitis; and increases microbiota richness in the gut, especially in younger mice. Sprout diets resulted in some anatomically specific bacterial communities in younger mice, and reduced the prevalence and abundance of potentially pathogenic or otherwise-commensal bacteria which trigger inflammation in the IL-10 deficient mouse, for example, Escherichia coli and Helicobacter. Overall, the IL-10-ko mouse model is responsive to a raw broccoli sprout diet and represents an opportunity for more diet-host-microbiome research. A diet containing 10% raw broccoli sprouts increased the plasma concentration of the anti-inflammatory compound sulforaphane, and may be protective against negative disease characteristics of Helicobacter-induced enterocolitis in interleukin-10 knockout mice, including weight loss or stagnation, fecal blood, and diarrhea. Younger mice responded more strongly to the diet intervention, and resulted in increased gut bacterial community richness and bacterial community similarity by diet treatment and some anatomical locations in the gut, even in mice with adverse reactions to gut microbiota and a relatively short time in which they had been able to recruit them. To our knowledge, IL-10-ko mice have not previously been used to investigate the interactions of host, microbiota, and broccoli, broccoli sprouts, or broccoli bioactives in resolving symptoms of CD.

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Current Knowledge on the Preparation and Benefits of Cruciferous Vegetables as Relates to In Vitro, In Vivo, and Clinical Models of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Alaba,

Holman,

Ishaq

et al. 2024

Current Developments in Nutrition

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A steamed broccoli sprout diet preparation that reduces colitis via the gut microbiota

Cited by 12 publications

References 60 publications

Steamed broccoli sprouts alleviate DSS-induced inflammation and retain gut microbial biogeography in mice

Steamed broccoli sprouts alleviate DSS-induced inflammation and retain gut microbial biogeography in mice

Early life exposure to broccoli sprouts confers stronger protection against enterocolitis development in an immunological mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease

Current Knowledge on the Preparation and Benefits of Cruciferous Vegetables as Relates to In Vitro, In Vivo, and Clinical Models of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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