A Steady-State Kinetic Model for Methanol Synthesis and the Water Gas Shift Reaction on a Commercial Cu/ZnO/Al2O3Catalyst

Technoeconomics and Sustainability of Renewable Methanol and Ammonia Productions Using Wind Power-based Hydrogen

“…Figure 5 shows a schematic of renewable hydrogen production. Based on reaction (1) and (3) [68] 180-280 51…”

“…The level of emission is around 0.2 kg CO 2 /kg methanol, which is mainly from biomass growing, harvesting, and transportation. Methanol from biomass or flue gas CO 2 is at least 2-3 times more expensive than the fossil-fuel based methanol [13,[64][65][66][67][68][69][70].…”

Kinetic Characterisation of Catalysts for Methanol Synthesis

“…Figure 3a shows the comparison of experimentally determined formation rates of methanol with the rates calculated on the basis of the VBF model using the kinetic parameters given by the authors (Vanden Bussche and Froment, 1996) and presented in Table 4. As can be seen from the figure, the model predictions are greater than the values obtained experimentally for the TMC-3/1 catalyst and much lower in the case of the catalyst promoted with zirconium.…”

“…Among the kinetic models for low-pressure methanol synthesis process in the gas phase a model developed by Vanden Bussche and Froment (1996) seems to be the most suitable. The rate equation for methanol synthesis and water gas shift reactions were derived from the reaction mechanism assuming that CO 2 is the main source of carbon in methanol synthesis.…”

“…The basis of comparison was the kinetic analysis of experimental data collected in a lab-scale differential fixed bed reactor. The experimental data were utilised to identify the rate equations of two types -the first one was a purely empirical power law rate equation and the other one Vanden Bussche and Froment (1996) kinetic model of methanol synthesis.…”