A Statistical Method for Reassociating Human Tali and Calcanei from a Commingled Context

Karakostis, Fotios Alexandros; Borrini, Matteo; Moraitis, Konstantinos

doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13571

Cited by 11 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The ranges were proposed based on the 90% correct classification of the cases. If there is more than one potential correspondence, then a morphoscopic approach should be additionally implemented, as described in .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies showed that osteometric sorting of commingled human remains can give promising results . Anastopoulou et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anastopoulou et al. employed a comprehensive statistical method for reassociating commingled human tali and calcanei . They used simple and multiple regression analyses to create equations which predict a measurement of the calcaneus using one or multiple measurements of the talus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies showed that osteometric sorting of commingled human remains can give promising results (4,22). Anastopoulou et al (4) employed a comprehensive statistical method for reassociating commingled human tali and calcanei.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this purpose, a previous research successfully combined morphoscopic and metric methodology to reassociate the skeletal elements of the subtalar joint . The regression equations produced gave a range of possible talus‐calcaneus matches, and the morphoscopic evaluation gave the final match.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Reliable Regression‐Based Approach for Reassociating Human Skeletal Elements of the Lower Limbs from Commingled Assemblages

Karakostis

Moraitis

2018

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Accurate sorting of commingled human remains comprises a fundamental requirement for all further anthropological analyses. The lower limb bones are particularly important for reconstructing biological profiles. This study introduces a metric technique for sorting these elements using eight standard anthropological measurements and 222 adult individuals from Greece. The bones utilized were the os coxae, the femora, the tibiae and the tali. Simple regression analyses were used to develop functions for reassociating articulating bones, providing strong correlations (r = 0.74-0.95, p-value <0.05) and high coefficients of determination (r =0.54-0.91). Blind tests demonstrated that combining metric and morphoscopic techniques provides an excellent sorting accuracy for the hip and knee joints (ten of ten individuals), allowing for a reliable reassociation between a sex and age indicator (os coxae) and a body size indicator (femur). Overall, these results indicate the high value of metric methods in sorting commingled human remains.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies showed that osteometric sorting of commingled human remains can give promising results . Anastopoulou et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Reliable Regression‐Based Approach for Reassociating Human Skeletal Elements of the Lower Limbs from Commingled Assemblages

Karakostis

Moraitis

2018

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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An osteometric and 3D analysis of the atlanto‐occipital joint: An initial screening method to exclude crania and atlases in commingled remains

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Affatato

Gibelli

et al. 2021

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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Objectives: The anatomical features of the atlanto-occipital joint can be potentially useful in re-associating or excluding crania to atlases in commingled remains. This study investigated whether linear measurements and the 3-dimensional (3D) surface of occipital condyles and articular facets of atlases can represent valid insights for this purpose. Methods:The variations among eight corresponding linear distances were analyzed in a sample of 150 individuals through six supervised machine learning techniques attempting to develop classifiers able to identify elements belonging to the same individual. Furthermore, a 3D analysis was conducted on the articular surfaces through superimpositions of 3D models of corresponding and non-corresponding crania and atlases obtained by using respectively stereophotogrammetry and laser scanning. This analysis investigated differences in terms of point-to-point distances (Root Mean Square, RMS) of superimposed 3D surfaces.Results: None of the six machine learning techniques were able to correctly detect a satisfying percentage of correspondent pairs in the overall sample by using the linear variables. The 3D analysis of the articular surfaces found RMS values over 0.53 mm only for superimposed non-corresponding surfaces, which sets a threshold value to identify 32% of incorrect pairs. Discussion: The re-association of cranium to atlas proved to be challenging and hardly possible when considering only metric variables. However, the 3D geometry of the articular surfaces represents a valid variable for this purpose and 3D analyses pave the way for an initial exclusion of incorrect re-associations, thus should not be considered as a re-association method per se, but as an exclusionary screening technique.

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New horizons in reconstructing past human behavior: Introducing the “Tübingen University Validated Entheses‐based Reconstruction of Activity” method

Karakostis

Harvati

2021

Evolutionary Anthropology

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An accurate reconstruction of habitual activities in past populations and extinct hominin species is a paramount goal of paleoanthropological research, as it can elucidate the evolution of human behavior and the relationship between culture and biology. Variation in muscle attachment (entheseal) morphology has been considered an indicator of habitual activity, and many attempts have been made to use it for this purpose. However, its interpretation remains equivocal due to methodological shortcomings and a paucity of supportive experimental data. Through a series of studies, we have introduced a novel and precise methodology that focuses on reconstructing muscle synergies based on three‐dimensional and multivariate analyses among entheses. This approach was validated using uniquely documented anthropological samples, experimental animal studies, histological observations, and geometric morphometrics. Here, we detail, synthesize, and critically discuss the findings of these studies, which overall point to the great potential of entheses in elucidating aspects of past human behavior.

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A Statistical Method for Reassociating Human Tali and Calcanei from a Commingled Context

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

A Reliable Regression‐Based Approach for Reassociating Human Skeletal Elements of the Lower Limbs from Commingled Assemblages

A Reliable Regression‐Based Approach for Reassociating Human Skeletal Elements of the Lower Limbs from Commingled Assemblages

An osteometric and 3D analysis of the atlanto‐occipital joint: An initial screening method to exclude crania and atlases in commingled remains

New horizons in reconstructing past human behavior: Introducing the “Tübingen University Validated Entheses‐based Reconstruction of Activity” method

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