A statistical analysis of X- class solar flares and their association with the super active regions during solar cycles 23- 24

Abstract

The A statistical distribution function of X-class flares and their association with super-active regions (SARs) during two recent solar cycles 23-24 have been analyzed. The obtained results show that, during solar cycle 23, 57.60 % of the total number of Xclass flares coincides with a set of X1.0 - X1.9 flares, 15.20 % to X2.0 - X2.9, 12.80 % to X3.0 - X4.9, 9.60 % to X5.0 - X9.9, and 4.80 % to ≥ X10 flares. During solar cycle 24, 61.20 % of the total number of X-class flares coincides with a set of X1.0 - X1.9 flares, 22.40 % to X2.0 - X2.9, 8.16 % to both the X3.0 - X4.9 flares, and X5.0 - X9.9 flares. None of the ≥ X10 flares. All X-class flares are found to be in a scattered manner in solar cycles 23 and 24. Among the cycles, solar cycle 24 has been observed relatively very weak cycle and the total number of X-class flares diminished in comparison to previous solar cycles. During solar cycle 23, 29.16% of the X1.0 - X1.9 flares, 36.84 % of the X2.0 - X2.9 flares, 43.75 % of the X3.0 - X4.9 flares, 83.33 % of both the X5.0 - X9.9 flares, and 100.00 % of the ≥ X10 flares were produced by SARs. While during solar cycle 24, 20.00 % of the X1.0 - X1.9 flares, 36.36 % of the X2.0 - X2.9 flares, 25.00 % of the X3.0 - X4.9 flares, 75.00 % of the X5.0 - X9.9 flares, and 0.00 % of the ≥ X10 flares were produced by SARs.