A Static-loop-current Attack Against the Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) Secure Key Exchange System

Melhem, Mutaz Y.; Kish, László B.

doi:10.3390/app9040666

Cited by 18 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The attack can be countered using the same defense techniques, as described in [14], namely, cancelling the DC voltages, or by increasing the effective (rms) value of noises by increasing the noise temperature and/or the bandwidth (without exceeding the wave limit [1,2,29]). All methods are the same as those discussed in [14], except for the DC voltages cancellation techniques in which the defense can be conducted in two other ways: i) Adding variable DC-voltage sources at each side and tuning them to compensate out the parasitic sources. Alternatively tuning them to reach U DCB -U DCA = 0.…”

Section: Defense Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above equation is useful to Eve in the LL and HH situations, where she knows the connected resistors, including R B , see [14].…”

Section: Eve Estimates the Values Of The Ground-loop Voltagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then Eve designs the guessing protocol discussed below. p º n cor / n tot [14]. The p = 0.5 situation indicates the perfect security limit [27].…”

Section: Eve Estimates the Values Of The Ground-loop Voltagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a new attack scheme assuming the existence of single parasitic DC source at either communicating party was introduced [14]. DC current based ground loops or similar nonidealities can yield such situation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DC current based ground loops or similar nonidealities can yield such situation. In [14] to demonstrate the security vulnerability, the following assumptions were made:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Static-Loop-Current Attack against the KLJN Secure Key Exchange System

Melhem¹,

Kish²

2018

Preprint

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A new attack against the Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) secure key distribution system is studied with unknown parasitic DC-voltage sources at both Alice's and Bob's ends. This paper is the generalization of our earlier investigation with a single-end parasitic source. Under the assumption that Eve does not know the values of the parasitic sources, a new attack, utilizing the current generated by the parasitic dc-voltage sources, is introduced. The attack is mathematically analyzed and demonstrated by computer simulations. Simple defense methods against the attack are shown. The earlier defense method based solely on the comparison of current/voltage data at Alice's and Bob's terminals is useless here since the wire currents and voltages are equal at both ends. However, the more expensive version of the earlier defense method, which is based on in-situ system simulation and comparison with measurements, works efficiently.

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Section: Defense Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above equation is useful to Eve in the LL and HH situations, where she knows the connected resistors, including R B , see [14].…”

Section: Eve Estimates the Values Of The Ground-loop Voltagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then Eve designs the guessing protocol discussed below. p º n cor / n tot [14]. The p = 0.5 situation indicates the perfect security limit [27].…”

Section: Eve Estimates the Values Of The Ground-loop Voltagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DC current based ground loops or similar nonidealities can yield such situation. In [14] to demonstrate the security vulnerability, the following assumptions were made:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Static-Loop-Current Attack against the KLJN Secure Key Exchange System

Melhem¹,

Kish²

2018

Preprint

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Secure Key Distribution for Vehicular Network Based on Kirchhoff Law Johnson Noise

Jadoon,

Shen,

Khan

2023

Mobile Netw Appl

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A fractional-order mathematical model for lung cancer incorporating integrated therapeutic approaches

Amilo,

Kaymakamzade,

Hincal

2023

Sci Rep

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This paper addresses the dynamics of lung cancer by employing a fractional-order mathematical model that investigates the combined therapy of surgery and immunotherapy. The significance of this study lies in its exploration of the effects of surgery and immunotherapy on tumor growth rate and the immune response to cancer cells. To optimize the treatment dosage based on tumor response, a feedback control system is designed using control theory, and Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle is utilized to derive the necessary conditions for optimality. The results reveal that the reproduction number $$(R_0)$$ ( R 0 ) is 2.6, indicating that a lung cancer cell would generate 2.6 new cancer cells during its lifetime. The reproduction coefficient $$(R_c)$$ ( R c ) is 0.22, signifying that cancer cells divide at a rate that is 0.22 times that of normal cells. The simulations demonstrate that the combined therapy approach yields significantly improved patient outcomes compared to either treatment alone. Furthermore, the analysis highlights the sensitivity of the steady-state solution to variations in $$k_5$$ k 5 (the rate of division of cancer stem cells) and $$k_{13}$$ k 13 (the rate of differentiation of cancer stem cells into progenitor cells). This research offers clinicians a valuable tool for developing personalized treatment plans for lung cancer patients, incorporating individual patient factors and tumor characteristics. The novelty of this work lies in its integration of surgery, immunotherapy, and control theory, extending beyond previous efforts in the literature.

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A Static-loop-current Attack Against the Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) Secure Key Exchange System

Cited by 18 publications

References 50 publications

A Static-Loop-Current Attack against the KLJN Secure Key Exchange System

A Static-Loop-Current Attack against the KLJN Secure Key Exchange System

Secure Key Distribution for Vehicular Network Based on Kirchhoff Law Johnson Noise

A fractional-order mathematical model for lung cancer incorporating integrated therapeutic approaches

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