A static analysis method to determine the availability of kinetic energy from wind turbines

Kinetic energy from distributed wind farms: Technical potential and implications

“…Above rated wind speed, turbines are usually controlled to have constant rotor speed and deliver rated power. More restrictively, the minimum and maximum speed limits and torque limit of the wind turbine dictate a narrower range of wind speeds within which the rotor can operate continuously at ω H , yet also drain to ω L whenever necessary [7]. One can select the pulse time τ sufficiently long to avoid the torque limit [7] so that the possible range [v min , v max ] of wind speeds depend only on the machine speed limits:…”

“…De-rating decreases the available range [v L , v H ], but increases the minimum kinetic reserve E KR (v w , λ H ). For a given turbine and wind resource as characterized by Weibull parameters, λ H can be selected to maximize the total kinetic reserve offered over a year [7].…”

Mitigation of wind power fluctuations in smart grids

“…In [7], research is done on inertial response of wind turbines, and in [9] and [23] research is done on frequency support like primary control by wind power. In [24] and [25] both inertial response and spinning reserve are discussed. In [26] a control approach for system frequency regulation by wind turbines is discussed and [27] describes a possible control approach to mitigate the impact of wind power.…”

Distributed self-sensing secondary loads for frequency regulation in wind-powered islanded microgrids

“…While system stability with wind power integration in large interconnected grids has improved with advancements in wind turbine controls [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], considerably less focus has been placed on the stability of WPIM systems [10][11][12]. The lack of focus on WPIM systems has been mainly due to the complete isolation from and lack of impact on large interconnected grids.…”