A state space single-phase transformer model incorporating nonlinear phenomena of magnetic saturation and hysteresis for transient and periodic steady-state analysis

García, Salvador; Medína, A.; Pérez, Carlos Herrera

doi:10.1109/pess.2000.867369

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…9 time-domain simulation [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], 9 frequency-domain simulation [26][27][28][29], 9 combined frequency-and time-domain simulation [30,31], and 9 numerical (e.g., finite-difference, finite-element) simulation [1, 2, 6, 32-34].…”

Section: Of Transformersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2.16b,c. The incremental approach uses a polynomial [31,30], arctangent [22,23], or other functions to model the transformer magnetizing characteristic. The incremental reluctances (or inductances) are then obtained from the slopes of the inductance-magnetizing current characteristic.…”

Section: Frequency-and Time-domain Transformer Core Modeling By Saturmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the fact that the effect of hysteresis in transformers is much smaller than that of the eddy current, and to simplify the computation, most models assume a constant value for the magnetizing conductance [22,23,30]. As mentioned before, the saturation curve may be modeled using a polynomial [30,29], arctangent [22,23], or other functions.…”

Section: Time-domain Transformer Coil Modeling By Saturation Curve Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned before, the saturation curve may be modeled using a polynomial [30,29], arctangent [22,23], or other functions. The slightly simplified transformer model is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Time-domain Transformer Coil Modeling By Saturation Curve Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Time-domain techniques use analytical functions to model transformer primary and secondary circuits and core characteristics [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Saturation and hysteresis effects, as well as eddy-current losses, are included with acceptable degrees of accuracy.…”

Section: Time-domain Simulation Of Power Transformersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Harmonic Models of Transformers

2008

Power Quality in Power Systems and Electrical Machines

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Extensive application of power electronics and other nonlinear components and loads creates single-time (e.g., spikes) and periodic (e.g., harmonics) events that could lead to serious problems within power system networks and its components (e.g., transformers). Some possible impacts of poor power quality on power transformers are 9 saturating transformer core by changing its operating point on the nonlinear ~-i curve, 9 increasing core (hysteresis and eddy current) losses and possible transformer failure due to unexpected high losses associated with hot spots, 9 increasing (fundamental and harmonic) copper losses, 9 creating half-cycle saturation in the event of even harmonics and DC current, 9 malfunctioning of transformer protective relays, 9 aging and reduction of lifetime, 9 reduction of efficiency, 9 derating of transformers, 9 decrease of the power factor, 9 generation of parallel (harmonic) resonances and ferroresonance conditions, and 9 deterioration of transformers' insulation near the terminals due to high voltage stress caused by lightning and pulse-width-modulated (PWM) converters.Pfe = Phys + Peddy = ghys (Bmax)Sf + geddy(Bmax)2f 2, (2-1) where Phys, Peddy, Bmax, and f are hysteresis losses, eddy-current losses, maximum value of flux density, and fundamental frequency, respectively. Khys is a constant for the grade of iron employed and Keddy is the eddy-current constant for the conductive material. S is the Steinmetz exponent ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 depending on the operating point of transformer core.9 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. I ~,H I i r 9 FIGURE 2.4 Magnetic field strength inside and outside of a conductor. / / I i \ % o 9 "% ~Ho3 / %% u / / %

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Section: Of Transformersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Frequency-and Time-domain Transformer Core Modeling By Saturmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Time-domain Transformer Coil Modeling By Saturation Curve Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned before, the saturation curve may be modeled using a polynomial [30,29], arctangent [22,23], or other functions. The slightly simplified transformer model is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Time-domain Transformer Coil Modeling By Saturation Curve Anmentioning

confidence: 99%