A State-of-the-Art Scoping Review on SARS-CoV-2 in Sewage Focusing on the Potential of Wastewater Surveillance for the Monitoring of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Ferraro, Giusy Bonanno; Veneri, Carolina; Mancini, Pamela; Iaconelli, Marcello; Suffredini, Elisabetta; Bonadonna, Lucia; Lucentini, Luca; Bowo‐Ngandji, Arnol; Kengne‐Nde, Cyprien; Mbaga, Donatien Serge; Mahamat, Gadji; Tazokong, Hervé Raoul; Ebogo‐Belobo, Jean Thierry; Njouom, Richard; Kenmoe, Sébastien; Rosa, Giuseppina La

doi:10.1007/s12560-021-09498-6

Cited by 56 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…These articles were imported into Convidence and nine duplicates were removed, leaving 35 articles included in the abstract screening. A total of 23 studies were excluded following abstract screening, leaving 12 articles [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ] for full-text screening. Four articles [ 27 , 28 , 30 , 34 ] were excluded after full-article screening, leaving eight articles for data extraction ( Supplementary Table S1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the eight articles included in the study, four were from South Africa [ 29 , 31 , 33 , 38 ], two from Morocco [ 35 , 36 ], and one each from Cameroon [ 32 ] and Tunisia [ 37 ]. Three were cross-sectional studies [ 29 , 33 , 37 ], four were reviews [ 32 , 35 , 36 , 38 ], and one was a short communication/proof-of-concept piece [ 31 ]. More details are presented in Supplementary Table S1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four studies explored the epidemiological significance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater and the associated environmental risks [ 32 , 35 , 36 , 38 ]. Although not backed by study findings, one study suggested that SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance could be a cost-effective, rapid, and reliable source of information on the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants in the population [ 32 ]. Two studies revealed that wastewater surveillance could enhance genomic and epidemiologic surveillance with independent and complementary data to inform public health decision-making during ongoing pandemics [ 32 , 38 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utilization of SARS-CoV-2 Wastewater Surveillance in Africa—A Rapid Review

Dzinamarira

Murewanhema

Iradukunda

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Wastewater-based epidemiology for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in wastewater is desirable for understanding COVID-19 in settings where financial resources and diagnostic facilities for mass individual testing are severely limited. We conducted a rapid review to map research evidence on the utilization of SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance in Africa. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and the World Health Organization library databases for relevant reports, reviews, and primary observational studies. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Narrative synthesis of the findings from included primary studies revealed the testing methodologies utilized and that detected amount of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA correlated with the number of new cases in the studied areas. The included reviews revealed the epidemiological significance and environmental risks of SARS-CoV-2 wastewater. Wastewater surveillance data at the community level can be leveraged for the rapid assessment of emerging threats and aid pandemic preparedness. Our rapid review revealed a glaring gap in the primary literature on SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance on the continent, and accelerated and adequate investment into research is urgently needed to address this gap.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Utilization of SARS-CoV-2 Wastewater Surveillance in Africa—A Rapid Review

Dzinamarira

Murewanhema

Iradukunda

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Some studies have reported the presence of viral RNA in the stools of COVID-19 patients in percentages ranging from 16.5% to 100% [ 3 ]. Furthermore, several studies have reported the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater worldwide and the usefulness of the environmental surveillance to help public health officials to better understand the extent of SARS-CoV-2 spread in communities, to determine trends—increase or decrease—of the infection, and to provide an early warning for virus resurgence [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Using this approach, it becomes possible to monitor the epidemiology of virus infections even if they are not evident by clinical surveillance, especially because traditional epidemiological approaches may be limited by the asymptomatic nature of many viral infections and by under diagnosis of clinical cases [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Bivalve Mollusks by Droplet Digital RT-PCR (dd RT-PCR)

Mancusi¹,

Capuano²,

Girardi³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Bivalve shellfish are readily contaminated by human pathogens present in waters impacted by municipal sewage, and the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in feces of infected patients and in wastewater has drawn attention to the possible presence of the virus in bivalves. The aim of this study was to collect data on SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in bivalve mollusks from harvesting areas of Campania region. A total of 179 samples were collected between September 2019 and April 2021 and were tested using droplet digital RT-PCR (dd RT-PCR) and real-time RT-PCR. Combining results obtained with different assays, SARS-CoV-2 presence was detected in 27/179 (15.1%) of samples. A median viral concentration of 1.1 × 102 and 1.4 × 102 g.c./g was obtained using either Orf1b nsp14 or RdRp/gene E, respectively. Positive results were unevenly distributed among harvesting areas and over time, positive samples being more frequent after January 2021. Partial sequencing of the spike region was achieved for five samples, one of which displaying mutations characteristic of the Alpha variant (lineage B.1.1.7). This study confirms that bivalve mollusks may bioaccumulate SARS-CoV-2 to detectable levels and that they may represent a valuable approach to track SARS-CoV-2 in water bodies and to monitor outbreak trends and viral diversity.

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