A standardized method to propagate Cryptocaryon irritans on a susceptible host pompano Trachinotus ovatus

Dan, Xue-Ming; Li, A.X.; Lin, Xiaotan; Teng, N.; Zhu, Xiaoxian

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.04.026

Cited by 131 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Although the recovery rate is one of the important issues to be resolved, it appears to be acceptable in this assay: it is important to estimate the order of magnitude, not the precise number of C. irritans cells for this disease. Dan et al [17,18] have shown that the lethal dose of theronts is more than 12,000 theronts per fish for the host pompano Trachinotus ovatus. Thus, the lethal dose, which is much higher than our detection limit (20 theronts), allows us to ignore the recovery rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Quantitative PCR assay for the detection of the parasitic ciliate Cryptocaryon irritans

2011

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We developed a quantitative PCR assay for detecting the parasitic ciliate Cryptocaryon irritans, which causes ''white spot disease'' in marine fishes, from the natural environment. A specific primer set for C. irritans was designed and its high specificity was confirmed in silico: almost all of the sequences deposited in the GenBank nucleotide database were covered, 22/23 for the forward primer and 7/7 for the reverse primer. We estimated that there were 3,415.9 rRNA gene copies per genome of C. irritans. In artificial mixture experiments to validate whether the qPCR assay is applicable to natural samples, the estimated copy numbers showed significantly positive correlations with the number of theronts added (p \ 0.001). When we applied this qPCR assay to natural samples collected bimonthly from surface and bottom seawaters at an aquaculture site (water depth, 10 m) from

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Quantitative PCR assay for the detection of the parasitic ciliate Cryptocaryon irritans

2011

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“…We are not sure if our data reflects this variation because this was a field investigation, and many factors in the wild may affect the results. But we are confident that snubnose pompano is very susceptible to this parasite, and it has been successfully used as an experimental host to propagate C. irritans in our laboratory (Dan et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some characteristics of host–parasite relationship for Cryptocaryon irritans isolated from South China

et al. 2008

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A survey on the host range for the parasitic ciliate Cryptocaryon irritans was carried out among the major maricultured fish species in the Huizhou region of Guangdong Province in South China, and some characteristics of its host-parasite relationship were described. The survey showed that all ten investigated species of fish (representing six different families) were infected with C. irritans with similar susceptibility. In chemoattraction assays, sera and mucus collected from investigated fish strongly attracts C. irritans theronts. Sera collected from infected orange-spotted groupers and yellow spotted grunts (Plectorhynchus cinctus) could immobilize C. irritans theronts, and their immobilization titers were 1:40 and 1:6.7, respectively. The surface antigens of C. irritans were demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence and immunostaining assays using immune orange-spotted grouper serum and a monoclonal antibody against grouper IgM.

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“…irritans isolated from Snubnose pompano (Trachinotus blochii) in Daya Bay, Guangdong, China, had been propagated on T. ovatus in the laboratory for eight generations before being used in this study. The propagation and collection of parasite followed that of Dan et al (2006).…”

Section: Experimental Fish and Parasite Isolatementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative studies on the immunogenicity of theronts, tomonts and trophonts of Cryptocaryon irritans in grouper

et al. 2007

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Cryptocaryon irritans is a ciliated obligate parasite of marine fish, causing white spot disease in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Recent studies have shown that fish can mount immune responses against C. irritans and acquire protection. The present study compared the protective immunity in grouper (Epinephelus coioides) against C. irritans induced by theronts, trophonts and tomonts via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and tentatively identified an immobilization antigen. Specific antibody titres of immunized fish serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immobilization assays at weeks 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 post-immunization, and immunized grouper were challenged with theronts to detect the survival percentage of fish. Fish immunized with theronts produced higher levels of serum antibody against C. irritans than fish immunized with trophonts or tomonts. A significantly higher level of immune protection was achieved in fish immunized with theronts but not in fish immunized with tomonts or trophonts. Western blot analysis using polyclonal immobilization antibodies of rabbit immunized with theront revealed an immunoreactive band of the protective (immobilization) antigens of C. irritans, the size of which is approximately 34 kDa. The sera of mice immunized with the protein could immobilize theronts of C. irritans. These results demonstrated that the theront stage of C. irritans elicited stronger protective immunity than the trophont and tomont stages in grouper. The tentative identification of protective antigen provides the solid foundation for the development of a defined vaccine against C. irritans.

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A standardized method to propagate Cryptocaryon irritans on a susceptible host pompano Trachinotus ovatus

Cited by 131 publications

References 9 publications

Quantitative PCR assay for the detection of the parasitic ciliate Cryptocaryon irritans

Quantitative PCR assay for the detection of the parasitic ciliate Cryptocaryon irritans

Some characteristics of host–parasite relationship for Cryptocaryon irritans isolated from South China

Comparative studies on the immunogenicity of theronts, tomonts and trophonts of Cryptocaryon irritans in grouper

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