A standardized extract of Centella asiatica (ECa 233) prevents temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis by modulating the expression of local inflammatory mediators in mice

Abstract

A standardized extract of Centella asiatica (ECa 233) prevents temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis by modulating the expression of local inflammatory mediators in mice Objectives: To investigate the effect of a standardized extract of Centella asiatica (ECa 233), which has anti-inflammatory properties, on the local expression of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), the acidsensing ion channel subunit 3 (ASIC3), and the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) structure 21 days after injecting the TMJ with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Methodology: A mouse model was induced by analyzing the CFA-injected TMJ on days 7, 14, and 21. We assessed TMJ histology by the osteoarthritis cartilage grade score. Then, we observed the effect of different ECa 233 concentrations (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg) and of 140 mg/kg ibuprofen doses on TRPV1, ASIC3, and CGRP local expression on day 21. Results: Osteoarthritis cartilage scores were 1.17±0.37 and 3.83±0.68 on days 14 and 21, respectively, in the CFA group (n=5). On day 21, TRPV1, ASIC3, and CGRP expression significantly increased in the CFA group. In the ibuprofen-treated group, TRPV1 expression significantly decreased, but ASIC3 and CGRP showed no significant difference. All ECa 233 doses reduced TRPV1 expression, but the 100 mg/kg ECa 233 dose significantly decreased ASIC3 expression. Conclusions: TRPV1, ASIC3, and CGRP expression increased in mice with TMJ-OA on day 21. All ECa 233 and ibuprofen doses inhibited pathogenesis by modulating the local expression of TRPV1 and ASIC3. Therefore, ECa 233 was more effective than ibuprofen.

Standardized Centella asiatica (ECa 233) extract decreased pain hypersensitivity development in a male mouse model of chronic inflammatory temporomandibular disorder

“…Further, some studies have investigated the anti-inflammatory activities of C. asiatica extract in acute inflammatory pain such as in osteoarthritis of knee joints 13 . Recently, our group reported the anti-inflammatory activities of C. asiatica extract in a mouse model of acute temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis in which ECa 233 could inhibit pathogenesis in the affected joint by modulating the local expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and acid-sensing ion channel subunit 3 (ASIC3) 14 .…”

Regulation of pain neurotransmitters and chondrocytes metabolism mediated by voltage-gated ion channels: A narrative review

“…ASICs are a subdivision of the Degenerin/epithelial Na + channels (ENaC/DEG) superfamily, primarily distributed in the spinal dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and peripheral nerves of the spinal cord, and are most sensitive to pH changes [ 51 ]. Specifically, ASIC3, which exists in chondrocytes, participates in the manifestation and development of OA and regulates pain response and chondrocyte differentiation and metabolism [ 52 , 53 ]. Some studies reported that peripheral inflammation could up-regulate ASIC3 expression in the DRG, indicating that ASIC3 plays a significant role in pain transmission [ 54 , 55 ].…”

Establishment of chemical fingerprint and determination of main active ingredients in Centellae Herba by HPLC combined with multivariate chemometrics analysis

“…Various pharmacological activities, including anti‐inflammatory [9, 10], antioxidant [11, 12], antibacterial [13, 14], wound‐healing promotion [15–17], and anti‐scarring [18], have been found in CHA. Sanjin Pian containing CHA is an effective drug for the treatment of urinary tract infections [19].…”