A standard set of person‐centred outcomes for diabetes mellitus: results of an international and unified approach

Abstract

Aims To select a core list of standard outcomes for diabetes to be routinely applied internationally, including patientreported outcomes. Methods We conducted a structured systematic review of outcome measures, focusing on adults with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. This process was followed by a consensus-driven modified Delphi panel, including a multidisciplinary group of academics, health professionals and people with diabetes. External feedback to validate the set of outcome measures was sought from people with diabetes and health professionals. Results The panel identified an essential set of clinical outcomes related to diabetes control, acute events, chronic complications, health service utilisation, and survival that can be measured using routine administrative data and/or clinical records. Three instruments were recommended for annual measurement of patient-reported outcome measures: the WHO Well-Being Index for psychological well-being; the depression module of the Patient Health Questionnaire for depression; and the Problem Areas in Diabetes scale for diabetes distress. A range of factors related to demographic, diagnostic profile, lifestyle, social support and treatment of diabetes were also identified for case-mix adjustment. Conclusions We recommend the standard set identified in this study for use in routine practice to monitor, benchmark and improve diabetes care. The inclusion of patient-reported outcomes enables people living with diabetes to report directly on their condition in a structured way.

Diabetes distress instruments in adults with Type 1 diabetes: A systematic review using the COSMIN (COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments) checklist

“…Through the publication of the COS by Byrne et al 13 and supporting research evidence, reliable and valid measurement instruments relating to diabetes distress are of clinical and scientific importance. Moreover, in 2018, the first global consensus‐based outcomes framework for diabetes was published by the Diabetes Working Group of the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) 15 . Within this set, diabetes distress was identified as one of the three key domains that should be measured by patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) in diabetes.…”

Are depressive symptoms associated with quality of care in diabetes? Findings from a nationwide population-based study

“…Thus, innovative research on depression and diabetes should be integrated in routine care and be based on electronic patient record data as well as patient-reported outcomes. 61…”

Adopting a value-based healthcare approach to deep venous obstruction and intervention

“…Similarly, the majority of outcomes were approved by a group of surveyed healthcare professionals. 14…”

“…Similarly, the majority of outcomes were approved by a group of surveyed healthcare professionals. 14 Therefore, we propose the development of a Standard Set for deep venous disease to include subcategories of patients with acute and subacute DVT, and post-thrombotic luminal and mural changes, in addition to non-thrombotic occlusive disease. To our knowledge, this work has yet to be undertaken in the field of deep venous disease.…”