A standard for normalizing the outputs of triboelectric nanogenerators in various modes

Abstract

A quantitative standard based on the internal equivalent circuit is proposed to evaluate the effects of different factors on the outputs of the triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) in various modes. This...

Hybridized Triboelectric-Electromagnetic Aeolian Vibration Generator as a Self-Powered System for Efficient Vibration Energy Harvesting and Vibration Online Monitoring of Transmission Lines

“…Figure a–c demonstrated that the trend of V oc , I sc, and Q sc of the ME-TENG on the varied main vibration frequency band of aeolian vibration. It is noteworthy that the V oc of the ME-TENG is always positive under the external vibration excitation, which can be explained by the theory of contact-separation mode TENG. , The output presented an uptrend with the increase of frequency from 15 to 20 Hz and then gradually downtrend as the frequency continued to increase, where the maximum V oc , I sc, and Q sc were 364 V, 46.8 μA, and 342 nC at a resonant frequency of 20 Hz, respectively. The trend of V oc was similar to the corresponding Q sc curve, which presented a trend of first increasing and then rapid decreasing with the vibration frequency and can be attributed to the linear relationship between the V oc and the Q sc of the TENG.…”

“…It can be seen that the V oc of the TENG can be enhanced by increasing the inner spacing of the single elastic TENG, which is directly attributed to the decrease of the TENG capacitance. The variable capacitance presents a proportional downward trend with the increase of the air gap spacing between PTFE and electrode, resulting in the decrease of equivalent capacitance and further prompting the output voltage on the premise of the same surface charge density of PTFE film . The TENG module in the contact-separation mode can be equivalent to a series connection of an inherent capacitance ( C i ) representing the film capacitance and a variable capacitance ( C v ) representing the air gap capacitance, which can be deduced as follows. C i = ε 0 ε normalr S d C normalv = ε 0 ε normalr S x C normale = C normalv C normali C normalv + C normali = C normali C normali / C normalv + 1 Q = σ S U = σ S C normale where ε 0 , ε r , S , d , x , C e , Q, and σ represent the vacuum dielectric constant, the relative dielectric constant, the contact area of PTFE, the thickness...…”

A PA66 lamellar crystal film with excellent triboelectric performance in vertical contact separation mode

“…The V OC increased from 129.18 V to 174.63 V, and the I SC also increased from 5.39 μA to 9.52 μA when the external impact force raised from 5 N to 25 N. The electrical output was improved because the strong pressure from the linear motor severely compressed the two friction layer electrodes and expanded the actual contact area. 66 Fixing the impact force of the linear motor (10 N), the V OC of the LC-TENG did not change with frequency as the amount of charge transfer generated by each collision was constant (Fig. 5(c) and (d)).…”

Self‐Powered Intelligent Damper Integrated Triboelectric‐Electromagnetic Hybrid Unit for Vibration In Situ Monitoring of Stay Cables

“…By the definition of current, it represents an increase in the rate of charge transfer, so the current is proportional to frequency. [ 40 ] The reason is that the contact area of the friction material is not changed. However, the current increases as the frequency of charge transfer increases.…”