A Stackelberg Game Theoretic Analysis of Incentive Effects under Perceived Risk for China’s Straw-Based Power Plant Supply Chain

Wang, Lingling; Watanabe, Tsunemi

doi:10.3390/en9060455

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The unit transportation cost and the transportation distance do not have significant impacts on the stable percentage. It is important to note that as the benefit sharing ratio increases, fewer farmers are willing to participate in the VC method when non-monetary utility is not included into the farmer agents' payoff function as shown in Equation (5). This scenario represents the situation where farmers only care about monetary returns and the benefit sharing policy is not applied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we focus on agricultural biomass-straw-because the distribution of forest biomass is more centralized and its production and supply system is better-developed than straw. As a major agricultural producer, China has the potential to produce a large amount of agriculture straw [5]. The theoretical annual production of agricultural biomass resources is approximately 870 million t (440 million tce), and approximately 400 million t (200 million tce) are available as energy sources [6], including wheat, corn, and rice straw.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Co-Opetition Straw Supply Strategy Integrating Rural Official Organizations and Farmers’ Behavior in China

2018

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China has a huge potential of biomass power generation since it is a big agricultural producer and abundant in agriculture straw. However, the current straw supply system cannot guarantee the feedstock sufficiency for biomass power plants. The main reason is the high costs of straw collection and transportation because farmers are scattered across the country and farming in a small-scaled method for self-support. This study aims at solving the issue with the introduction of China’s rural official organizations to collect agriculture straw in a centralized way and to share benefits with farmers. We apply the approach of multi-agent modeling and simulation to analyze the farmer’s participation behavior within a co-opetition supply strategy after the rural official organizations are incorporated. The results demonstrate that farmers’ participation is positively affected by the cooperative enthusiasm of rural official organizations. In addition to those basic factors, such as straw price, transportation cost, and shipping distance, the benefit sharing policy has a significant impact on the equilibrium percentage of the cooperative farmers. We recommend that the Chinese central government encourage and support rural official organizations to participate in the agriculture straw supply chain, and the benefit sharing policy should be implemented with the precaution against free rides.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Co-Opetition Straw Supply Strategy Integrating Rural Official Organizations and Farmers’ Behavior in China

2018

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“…It is assumed that each SPP collects straw within a radius of 30 km, and 65 SPPs are required to completely cover the study area under ideal circumstances. Because it is difficult to reasonably determine N in advance, N was set to 5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55,60, and 65 for experimentation. Moreover, the straw-based electricity price also affects the economic revenue generated by running SPPs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Spatially Explicit Optimization Model for Agricultural Straw-Based Power Plant Site Selection: A Case Study in Hubei Province, China

Xiang

Wang

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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Using agricultural straw to generate electricity is an effective approach for relieving the pressure of procuring a reliable energy supply and reducing environmental pollution. Because the locations of the power plants have a significant impact on the supply of raw materials and the cost of transportation, it is important to choose reasonable locations for power plants. To solve the problem of straw-based power plant site selection (SPPSS), in this paper, a spatially explicit optimization model is proposed. Compared to the existing research, the present study makes the following major contributions: (1) The agricultural land quality evaluation dataset, combined with the cropping system and theoretical yield information, is used as the basic data to estimate agricultural straw yields, thereby increasing the accuracy of the straw yield and spatial distribution estimates. (2) Geographic information system (GIS) techniques are employed to improve an artificial immune system (AIS), which is an effective and flexible approach for solving optimization problems. The Chinese province of Hubei is selected as the experimental area to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model. The experimental results demonstrate that of the 34.89 million tons of agricultural straw produced in Hubei Province each year, 17.45 million tons can be used for electricity generation. The optimization schemes generated by the proposed model are feasible. Our results are expected to provide an important decision-making basis for straw-based power plant (SPP) development planning in Hubei Province.

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“…Interestingly, another study's results showed a clear difference in the effectiveness of incentives for various actors. Providing incentives to farmers can increase the profits earned by all stakeholders in biomass power generation [51].…”

Section: Central Government Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of Straw-Based Biomass Power Generation in Rural Area in Northeast China—An Institutional Analysis Grounded in a Risk Management Perspective

Wang

Watanabe

2020

Sustainability

Self Cite

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Given a lack of consideration for the role and importance of stakeholders and the importance of stakeholders in the operation of biomass power plants in China, a comprehensive analysis oriented toward stakeholder risk management is needed to further develop the country’s biomass energy industry. Accordingly, we analyzed institutional factors that contribute to or constrain progress in biomass power generation in China. Data were collected from 275 straw suppliers (farmers) living around a biomass power plant, 15 middlemen, five power plant managers, and five local government officers. Interviews were held with all the participants, but questionnaires were additionally administered to the straw suppliers. Results showed that: (1) risk transfer in the biomass supply chain is one of the reasons why farmers are unwilling to supply straw; (2) middlemen are vital intermediaries between biomass power plant managers and farmers as a middleman-based biomass supply system is necessary to guarantee the quantity of straw supply, and; (3) the institutional structure that underlies the Chinese biomass energy industry is immature.

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A Stackelberg Game Theoretic Analysis of Incentive Effects under Perceived Risk for China’s Straw-Based Power Plant Supply Chain

Cited by 21 publications

References 30 publications

A Co-Opetition Straw Supply Strategy Integrating Rural Official Organizations and Farmers’ Behavior in China

A Co-Opetition Straw Supply Strategy Integrating Rural Official Organizations and Farmers’ Behavior in China

A Spatially Explicit Optimization Model for Agricultural Straw-Based Power Plant Site Selection: A Case Study in Hubei Province, China

The Development of Straw-Based Biomass Power Generation in Rural Area in Northeast China—An Institutional Analysis Grounded in a Risk Management Perspective

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