A Stability Study of Ni/Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Anode for Direct Ammonia Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Yang, Jun; Molouk, Ahmed Fathi Salem; Okanishi, Takeou; Muroyama, Hiroki; Matsui, Toshiaki; Eguchi, Koichi

doi:10.1021/acsami.5b11122

Cited by 97 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Although the reaction rate is still unknown, it is found that the metal separator is prone to react with ammonia at high temperature to form a nitrided layer in the bulk and Fe-rich particles on the surface. Nitriding of the anode materials was already reported by Yang et al [20] from their button-cell experiments, whereas that of the separator materials is, as far as the authors recognize, first reported in this study. Figure 9 shows the time course of the pressure loss measured in the anode channel of Stack 1, indicating that the pressure loss increases as time.…”

Section: 000 H Durability Testsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Nitriding of the anode materials was already reported by Yang et al. from their button‐cell experiments, whereas that of the separator materials is, as far as the authors recognize, first reported in this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yang et al. found that Ni in the Ni‐YSZ anode is prone to be nitrided, resulting in morphological change in the anode microstructures. Hashinokuchi et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Stability of the ammonia-fueled SOFCs has been also investigated by several groups. Yang et al [20] found that Ni in the Ni-YSZ anode is prone to be nitrided, resulting in morphological change in the anode microstructures. Hashinokuchi et al [21] investigated the stability of a Ni-SDC anode fueled with ammonia and found that Cr addition is effective for not only enhancing the catalytic activity but also improving stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of 1 kW‐class Ammonia‐fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack

et al. 2020

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Power generation performance and long‐term durability of ammonia‐fueled solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems are investigated with SOFC stacks consisting of 30 planar anode‐supported cells. SOFC systems with three different operation modes are employed: direct ammonia, external decomposition and autothermal decomposition. A novel BaO/Ni/Sm2O3/MgO catalyst is newly developed for the external ammonia cracker, whereas a Co‐Ce‐Zr composite oxide catalyst is used for the autothermal ammonia cracker. Initial performance measurement and 1,000 h long‐term durability test of the stacks are conducted. The stack fueled with direct ammonia achieves 1 kW power output with 52% direct current (DC) electrical efficiency; a slight decrease in its performance compared with the stack with the mixture fuel of hydrogen and nitrogen is attributed to the decrease in the stack temperature caused by the endothermic ammonia decomposition reaction. The external ammonia cracker helps to maintain the stack temperature, improving the initial performance of the stack. The stack performance with the autothermal ammonia cracker is also comparable to those with the other operation modes. It is also demonstrated that the stacks fueled with ammonia have excellent stability during the long‐term tests and 57% energy conversion efficiency at ca. 700 W electrical output is achieved with the external ammonia cracker.

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Section: 000 H Durability Testsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yang et al. found that Ni in the Ni‐YSZ anode is prone to be nitrided, resulting in morphological change in the anode microstructures. Hashinokuchi et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of 1 kW‐class Ammonia‐fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack

et al. 2020

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“…Various approaches have been adopted to improve the ionic conductivity that includes the development of other alternate electrolyte material 2–4 . For the past three decades, doped cerium oxides (CeO2) is widely being investigated as an electrolyte for intermediate temperature SOFC (ITSOFC, 500–750 °C) operation due to its lower activation energy (0.84 eV, single crystal) arising from reduced enthalpy of oxygen ion migration than that of conventional yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ, ~1.04 eV, single crystal) 5–9 . For example, at ~400 °C, the ionic conductivity of YSZ (8 mol%) has been reported to be 10 −4 S cm −1 , while samarium doped cerium (SDC, 20 mol%) oxide exhibits a higher conductivity of 10 −3 S cm −1 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable transport property of oxygen ion in metal oxide thin film: Impact of electrolyte orientation on conductivity

Arunkumar

Ramaseshan

Dash

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Quest for efficient ion conducting electrolyte thin film operating at intermediate temperature (~600 °C) holds promise for the real-world utilization of solid oxide fuel cells. Here, we report the correlation between mixed as well as preferentially oriented samarium doped cerium oxide electrolyte films fabricated by varying the substrate temperatures (100, 300 and 500 °C) over anode/ quartz by electron beam physical vapor deposition. Pole figure analysis of films deposited at 300 °C demonstrated a preferential (111) orientation in out-off plane direction, while a mixed orientation was observed at 100 and 500 °C. As per extended structural zone model, the growth mechanism of film differs with surface mobility of adatom. Preferential orientation resulted in higher ionic conductivity than the films with mixed orientation, demonstrating the role of growth on electrochemical properties. The superior ionic conductivity upon preferential orientation arises from the effective reduction of anisotropic nature and grain boundary density in highly oriented thin films in out-of-plane direction, which facilitates the hopping of oxygen ion at a lower activation energy. This unique feature of growing an oriented electrolyte over the anode material opens a new approach to solving the grain boundary limitation and makes it as a promising solution for efficient power generation.

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Self‐Construction of Efficient Interfaces Ensures High‐Performance Direct Ammonia Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells

He,

Hou,

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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Direct ammonia protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) are highly efficient energy conversion devices since ammonia as a carbon‐neutral hydrogen‐rich carrier shows great potential for storage and long‐distance transportation when compared with hydrogen fuel. However, traditional Ni‐based anodes readily suffer from severe structural destruction and dramatic deactivation after long‐time exposure to ammonia. Here a Sr2Fe1.35Mo0.45Cu0.2O6−δ (SFMC) anode catalytic layer (ACL) painted onto a Ni‐BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1Yb0.1O3−δ (BZCYYb) anode with enhanced catalytic activity and durability toward the direct utilization of ammonia is reported. A tubular Ni‐BZCYYb anode‐supported cells with the SFMC ACL show excellent peak power densities of 1.77 W cm−2 in wet H2 (3% H2O) and 1.02 W cm−2 in NH3 at 650 °C. A relatively stable operation of the cells is obtained at 650 °C for 200 h in ammonia fuel. Such achieved improvements in the activity and durability are attributed to the self‐constructed interfaces with the phases of NiCu or/and NiFe for efficient NH3 decomposition, resulting in a strong NH3 adsorption strength of the SFMC, as confirmed by NH3 thermal conversion and NH3‐temperature programmed desorption. This research offers a valuable strategy of applying an internal catalytic layer for highly active and durable ammonia PCFCs.

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A Stability Study of Ni/Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Anode for Direct Ammonia Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Cited by 97 publications

References 15 publications

Development of 1 kW‐class Ammonia‐fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack

Development of 1 kW‐class Ammonia‐fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack

Tunable transport property of oxygen ion in metal oxide thin film: Impact of electrolyte orientation on conductivity

Self‐Construction of Efficient Interfaces Ensures High‐Performance Direct Ammonia Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells

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