A spin-torque nano-oscillator based on interlayer-coupled meron–skyrmion pairs with a fixed orbit

Abstract

In recent years, magnetic skyrmion-based spin-torque nano-oscillators (STNOs) have attracted considerable interest for their prospect in future-generation communication and spintronic technologies. However, some critical issues, which hamper their practical applications, e.g., the long start-up time and variable skyrmion gyration orbit, remain to be resolved. Here, we numerically demonstrate the realization of a fixed-orbit STNO, which is based on an interlayer-coupled meron–skyrmion (MS) pair instead of a magnetic skyrmion. In this STNO, the MS pair possesses a structurally defined, fixed orbit within a broad range of driving currents, even in the presence of random defects. The output frequency range of the STNO based on an MS pair far exceeds that of the STNO typically featuring a single skyrmion. Moreover, the output frequency of this STNO can be further elevated if more MS pairs are incorporated. Our results reveal the nontrivial dynamics of the interlayer-coupled MS pair, opening perspectives for the design and optimization of fundamental spintronic devices.