The magnetization curve of the (S, s) = (1, 1/2) ferrimagnetic alternating spin chain with the single-ion anisotropy D is investigated with the numerical exact diagonalization of finite clusters and size-scaling analyses. The system has a plateau at 1/3 of the saturation moment, which corresponds to the spontaneous magnetization for D = 0. Varying D in the 1/3-magnetized ground state under the external field along the axis of D, a quantum phase transition is revealed to occur at the critical value D/J = 1.114 ± 0.001 where the plateau vanishes. Except for the critical point, the plateau is always opening, but the mechanism is different between D < Dc and D > Dc. The change of mechanisms is an evidence to clarify that the plateau originates from the quantization of magnetization.