A spectroscopic study of the iodine complexes of donors—pyridines, phenanthrolines, bipyridines and diazines

Kinetic Study of Charge Transfer Complexes of Iodine With Some Crown Ethers in Nonaqueous Solvents

“…The observed time dependence of the charge-transfer band and the subsequent formation of the I 3 -ion in solution are most probably due to a transformation of the initially formed outer complex into an inner EDA complex followed by a fast reaction of the resulting inner complex with iodine to form a triiodide ion, as follows [34,35]. The transformation of the outer CT complex into the corresponding inner complex was found to follow a pseudo-first-order kinetics.…”

Structure/Function Relationships in Dyes for Solar Energy Conversion: A Two-Atom Change in Dye Structure and the Mechanism for Its Effect on Cell Voltage

“…The binding constant for bipyridine is reported to be ∼90. 34 The fact that N719 gives acceptable voltages implies that the binding to the bipyridine in the dye is far lower. Presumably a version of K19 without a heteroatom donor would still accelerate recombination somewhat relative to N719; however, it is also possible that this dye would not inject well due to the lower lying π orbitals on the ligand which is not attached to the TiO 2 .…”

Synthesis, spectroscopic studies and thermal analysis of charge-transfer complex of 2,2′-bipyridine with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in different polar solvents

“…The term charge transfer, introduced first by Mulliken, gives a certain type of complex resulting from interactions of donor and acceptor with the formation of weak bonds [4][5][6][7], discussed widely by Foster [8] interactions between electron donors and acceptors are generally associated with the formation of intensely colored charge-transfer complexes (CTCs) absorbing radiations in the visible region [9]. Molecular complexation and structural recognition are important processes in biological systems, for example, drug enzyme catalysis and ion transfers through lipophilic membranes all involve complexation [10]. Electron donor-acceptor (EDA) interaction is also important in the field of solar energy storage [11] and in surface chemistry [12].…”