A specific requirement for biotin in the synthesis of ornithine carbamoyltransferase by yeast

Dixon, Bernard; Rose, Anthony H.

doi:10.1042/bj0990513

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These genes were co-expressed with genes required for biotin synthesis, most likely because biotin is required for the activity of ornithine transcarbamylase (encoded by ARG3 ) [50]. In addition, these genes were co-expressed with genes associated with the mating response [19,20] and were up-regulated in C. albicans cells interacting with macrophages [23].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Gene Expression Analysis by a Differential Clustering Approach: Application to the Candida albicans Transcription Program

et al. 2005

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Differences in gene expression underlie many of the phenotypic variations between related organisms, yet approaches to characterize such differences on a genome-wide scale are not well developed. Here, we introduce the “differential clustering algorithm” for revealing conserved and diverged co-expression patterns. Our approach is applied at different levels of organization, ranging from pair-wise correlations within specific groups of functionally linked genes, to higher-order correlations between such groups. Using the differential clustering algorithm, we systematically compared the transcription program of the fungal pathogen Candida albicans with that of the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Many of the identified differences are related to the differential requirement for mitochondrial function in the two yeasts. Distinct regulation patterns of cell cycle genes and of amino acid metabolic genes were also revealed and, in some cases, could be linked to the differential appearance of cis-regulatory elements in the gene promoter regions. Our study provides a comprehensive framework for comparative gene expression analysis and a rich source of hypotheses for uncharacterized open reading frames and putative cis-regulatory elements in C. albicans.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Gene Expression Analysis by a Differential Clustering Approach: Application to the Candida albicans Transcription Program

et al. 2005

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“…Biotin is the carrier of carboxyl groups in enzymatic carboxylation reactions. It was reported previously that ornithine transcarbomylase, encoded by ARG3, requires biotin (20). It is unclear which of the many ATP-dependent carboxylation reactions in amino acid biosynthetic pathways require biotin as a carrier.…”

Section: Vol 21 2001mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional Profiling Shows that Gcn4p Is a Master Regulator of Gene Expression during Amino Acid Starvation in Yeast

Natarajan

Meyer

Jackson

et al. 2001

Molecular and Cellular Biology

688

737

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Starvation for amino acids induces Gcn4p, a transcriptional activator of amino acid biosynthetic genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In an effort to identify all genes regulated by Gcn4p during amino acid starvation, we performed cDNA microarray analysis. Data from 21 pairs of hybridization experiments using two different strains derived from S288c revealed that more than 1,000 genes were induced, and a similar number were repressed, by a factor of 2 or more in response to histidine starvation imposed by 3-aminotriazole (3AT). Profiling of a gcn4⌬ strain and a constitutively induced mutant showed that Gcn4p is required for the full induction by 3AT of at least 539 genes, termed Gcn4p targets. Genes in every amino acid biosynthetic pathway except cysteine and genes encoding amino acid precursors, vitamin biosynthetic enzymes, peroxisomal components, mitochondrial carrier proteins, and autophagy proteins were all identified as Gcn4p targets. Unexpectedly, genes involved in amino acid biosynthesis represent only a quarter of the Gcn4p target genes. Gcn4p also activates genes involved in glycogen homeostasis, and mutant analysis showed that Gcn4p suppresses glycogen levels in amino acid-starved cells. Numerous genes encoding protein kinases and transcription factors were identified as targets, suggesting that Gcn4p is a master regulator of gene expression. Interestingly, expression profiles for 3AT and the alkylating agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) overlapped extensively, and MMS induced GCN4 translation. Thus, the broad transcriptional response evoked by Gcn4p is produced by diverse stress conditions. Finally, profiling of a gcn4⌬ mutant uncovered an alternative induction pathway operating at many Gcn4p target genes in histidine-starved cells.In response to environmental perturbations, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells elicit rapid transcriptional reprogramming involving both activation and repression of gene expression. Transcriptional activator proteins function by binding to specific promoter elements, called upstream activating sequences (UASs) in yeast cells, and recruiting the transcriptional machinery. Thus, transcriptional stimulation requires the expression and function of an activator and the appropriate UAS element in the promoters of its target genes. A plethora of mechanisms are known to regulate the activity or expression of transcriptional activators in response to specific signals. For example, in cells grown on glucose, Gal80p inhibits the ability of Gal4p to activate transcription of genes encoding galactosemetabolizing enzymes, whereas Gal3p alleviates this inhibition on galactose medium (83). The transcriptional activators Pho4p, Swi5p, and Yap1p are regulated by the coupling of their nuclear localization to the levels of inorganic phosphate, cell cycle and mother-daughter status, or oxidative stress, respectively (reviewed in reference 52). Starvation for amino acids, purines, and glucose limitation induces the synthesis of Gcn4p, a bZIP transcriptional activator of amino acid biosynthetic gene...

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“…Biotin is known to be involved as a cofactor in five enzyme reactions: acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) carboxylase (24), adenosine triphosphate-dependent pyruvate carboxylase (22), methylmalonyl-CoA carboxyltransferase (21), $-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase (2), and propionyl-CoA carboxylase (8). Moreover, biotin has been implicated in the synthesis of the decarboxylating malate dehydrogenase (3), and ornithine carbamoyl transferase (6,20). Thus, the role of biotin in enzyme reactions is well documented.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biotin-deficient Growth of Bacillus polymyxa

Summers

Wyss

1967

J Bacteriol

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When Bacillus polymyxa, a wild-type biotin auxotroph, is grown in biotin-deficient medium, a retardation of cell division and consequential cell elongation are the initial detectable consequences of limited biotin. Subsequent events in biotindeficient cells include, in chronological order: inhibition of net ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis and a simultaneous arithmetical accumulation of protein; loss of net RNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, and protein synthesis; morphological aberra

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A specific requirement for biotin in the synthesis of ornithine carbamoyltransferase by yeast

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Comparative Gene Expression Analysis by a Differential Clustering Approach: Application to the Candida albicans Transcription Program

Comparative Gene Expression Analysis by a Differential Clustering Approach: Application to the Candida albicans Transcription Program

Transcriptional Profiling Shows that Gcn4p Is a Master Regulator of Gene Expression during Amino Acid Starvation in Yeast

Biotin-deficient Growth of Bacillus polymyxa

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