A specific prediction equation is necessary to estimate peak oxygen uptake in obese patients with metabolic syndrome

Debeaumont, David; Tardif, Catherine; Folope, V.; Castres, Ingrid; Lemaître, F.; Tourny, Claire; Déchelotte, P.; Thill, Caroline; Darmon, Anne; Coquart, Jérémy

doi:10.1007/s40618-015-0411-7

Cited by 18 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2 Max) was determined by cardio pulmonary exercise testing (CPET), using a modified Bruce protocol composed of 5 min seated rest, followed by 5 min of walking on a treadmill at 5 kph, and 2% incline, followed by running at 9 kph, with an incrementally increasing incline (2% every 2 min), until reaching VO 2 Max, which was determined by 3 of 4 criteria during the test: (1) leveling off of the VO2 curve to a plateau, (2) reaching >90% of the participant's predicted maximal heart rate (210-0.65 × Age), (3) reaching a respiratory exchange ratio (RER) ≥1.1 or 4) at the participant's request, after reaching a subjective state of extreme physical tiredness. Additional supportive indications after test completion were reaching >8 mmol/l of blood lactate, or RPE > 17 (Edvardsen et al, 2014;Debeaumont et al, 2016). The ventilatory anaerobic threshold (AT) was determined visually by two trained examiners according to the American heart association guidelines (Balady et al, 2010).…”

Section: Experimental Design and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthaxanthin Improves Aerobic Exercise Recovery Without Affecting Heat Tolerance in Humans

Fleischmann

Horowitz

Yanovich

et al. 2019

Front. Sports Act. Living

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Objectives: To examine the supplementation effects of the xanthophyll carotenoid Astaxanthin on physical performance and exertional heat strain in humans.Design: A randomized double blind placebo controlled trial.Methods: Twenty two male participants (Age: 23.14 ± 3.5 y, height: 175 ± 6 cm, body mass: 69.6 ± 8.7 kg, % body fat: 16.8 ± 3.8) received placebo (PLA, n = 10) or Astaxanthin (ATX, n = 12) 12 mg/day Per os (P.O), for 30 days, and were tested pre and post-supplementation with a maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2 Max) test and the heat tolerance test (HTT) (2 h walk at 40 • C, 40% relative humidity (RH), 5 kph, 2% incline). NIH database registration no. NCT02088242. Gas exchange, Heart rate (HR), Relative perceived exertion (RPE), and blood lactate were measured during the VO 2 Max test. Heart rate (HR), rectal (Trec), and skin (Tskin) temperatures, RPE, and sweat rate (SR) were monitored in the HTT. Serum heat shock protein 72 (HSP72), Creatine phosphokinase (CPK), C-reactive protein (CRP), and lipid profile were measured before and after the test. Results:The rise in blood lactate caused by the VO 2 Max test was significantly diminished in the ATX group (9.4 ± 3.1 and 13.0 ± 3.1 mmole * l −1 in the ATX and PLA groups, respectively P < 0.02), as was the change in oxygen uptake during recovery (−2.02 ± 0.64 and 0.83 ± 0.79% of VO 2 Max in the ATX and PLA group, respectively, p = 0.001). No significant differences were observed in the anaerobic threshold or VO 2 Max. In the HTT, no significant physiological or biochemical differences were observed (HR <120 bpm, Trec rose by ∼1 • C to <38 • C, no difference in SR).Conclusions: Astaxanthin supplementation improved exercise recovery. No benefit was observed for ATX over PLA in response to heat stress. Further examination of Astaxanthin in higher exertional heat strain is required.

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Section: Experimental Design and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthaxanthin Improves Aerobic Exercise Recovery Without Affecting Heat Tolerance in Humans

Fleischmann

Horowitz

Yanovich

et al. 2019

Front. Sports Act. Living

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“…Thus equations accounting for insulin resistance may be warranted to predict VO 2max in obese individuals. 12 In summary, the proposed reference equation for functional capacity on a treadmill and cycle ergometer improves the accuracy of CPX testing for evaluation of relative cardiorespiratory fitness. However, much work remains to be done if CPX testing is to become accurate and widely applicable.…”

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confidence: 93%

New reference equation for maximal functional capacity

Jaiswal

Jemtel

2018

Eur J Prev Cardiolog

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Few laboratory tests provide as much comprehensive information as does cardiopulmonary exercise (CPX) testing with the measurement of maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max , ml/kg per minute).1 Besides providing an objective appraisal of cardiorespiratory fitness, the data acquired during CPX testing with breath-bybreath determination of VO 2 , carbon dioxide outflow (VCO 2 ) and minute ventilation (VE) allow us to discriminate ventilatory from circulatory and skeletal muscle disorders ( Figure 1). 2,3 Despite the wealth of information associated with the measurement of VO 2max , CPX testing is underutilized in healthy subjects and patients with dyspnea or poor functional capacity.In the present issue of the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, de Souza e Silva and colleagues suggest that the error in VO 2max reference standards particularly in women and morbidly obese patients may contribute to the underutilization of CPX in clinical practice. 4 Thus after the review of 70% of CPX data of the multicenter initiative, the Fitness and the Importance of Exercise: A national Data Base (FRIEND) registry, de Souza e Silva et al. selected age, sex, weight, height and exercise mode to derive a new predictive equation for VO 2max . The authors successfully validated the new equation-derived VO 2max values against measured VO 2max values in the remaining 30% of the FRIEND registry CPX data that were not used and in an independent Brazilian set of measured VO 2max data. Finally, when compared to pre-existing predictive equations for VO 2max , measured and predicted VO 2max are significantly closer to the equation of de Souza e Silva et al. than to pre-existing equations.By providing more accurate VO 2max reference standards de Souza e Silva and colleagues are definitively helping clinicians quantify the relative cardiorespiratory fitness of their patients, thereby providing a thorough appraisal of risk stratification and prognosis. Moreover, precise quantification of relative cardiorespiratory fitness may reveal an already substantial loss of cardiorespiratory reserve in an otherwise asymptomatic patient.Even so, many issues remain unresolved regarding CPX testing with the measurement of VO 2 , VCO 2 and VE. The limitation with snap shot information that is relevant to any single measurement is particularly pertinent to the single determination of VO 2max . Maximal aerobic capacity is highly influenced by baseline functional training along with the genetic make-up of the tested individual. For instance, a VO 2max of 35 ml/kg per minute that is inconsequential in a 55-year-old sedentary man may be the first evidence of substantial deterioration of cardiopulmonary function in a former semi-professional road cyclist of similar age.The attainment of plateau of VO 2 despite increasing workloads indicates by convention that individuals have reached VO 2max .5 However, most aging healthy individuals and symptomatic patients do not reach a plateau in VO 2 during graded maximal exercise testing. Thus, secondary (indirect) criteria h...

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“…This difference in body composition between non-obese individuals and obese persons may make equations to estimate V O 2 peak in non-obese individuals useless in obese persons. Consequently, few authors have developed prediction equations specifically for obese women [4,13], regardless of obesity class (which is determined from BMI). However, the percentage of body fat increases with BMI and affects V O 2 peak.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, this study aimed to compare 2 equations [4,13] to predict V O 2 peak in obese women according to their obesity class.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Specific Prediction Equations to Estimate Peak Oxygen Uptake in Obese Women

et al. 2017

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The aim of the current study was to compare 2 equations to predict peak oxygen uptake (V̇Opeak) in obese women, according to their obesity class. 92 maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing sets (CPET with initial and subsequent increments set to achieve an exercise duration between 8-12 min) were retrospectively analysed. These CPET were divided into 3 groups according to the women body mass indexes (BMI): class 1 (30 kg.m≤BMI<35 kg.m, n=22), class 2 (35 kg.m≤BMI<40 kg.m, n=36) or class 3 (BMI≥40 kg.m, n=34). Each participant's V̇Opeak was predicted from 2 prediction equations (from Wasserman et al.'s and Debeaumont et al.'s equations) and compared with the actual V̇Opeak. Moreover, the correlations between these values were studied, and the accuracy of the predictions was analysed. Only predicted V̇Opeak from the Debeaumont et al.'s equation was not significantly different from the actual V̇Opeak in the women in obesity class 3 (p=0.89). Moreover, significant correlation was found between these values (p<0.001, r=0.68). The bias and the 95% limits of agreement represented -3.2±34.0%. In women in obesity class 3, Debeaumont et al.'s equation may be the accurate one to predict V̇Opeak. However, the accuracy of predictions is low. Consequently, to improve this accuracy, new prediction equations for obese women are required according to the obesity class.

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A specific prediction equation is necessary to estimate peak oxygen uptake in obese patients with metabolic syndrome

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Asthaxanthin Improves Aerobic Exercise Recovery Without Affecting Heat Tolerance in Humans

Asthaxanthin Improves Aerobic Exercise Recovery Without Affecting Heat Tolerance in Humans

New reference equation for maximal functional capacity

Comparison of Specific Prediction Equations to Estimate Peak Oxygen Uptake in Obese Women

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