A Spatiotemporal Map of Reading Aloud

Woolnough, Oscar; Donos, Cristian; A, Curtis; Ps, Rollo; Zj, Roccaforte; Dehaene, Stanislas; Fischer‐Baum, Simon; Tandon, Nitin

doi:10.1101/2021.05.23.445307

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…meech) presented in lower-case Arial font, 150 pixels high (∼2.2° visual angle) ( Fig. 1A ) ( Woolnough et al, 2021a ). Stimuli were presented using Psychophysics Toolbox ( Kleiner et al, 2007 ) run in Matlab.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Event-related phase synchronization propagates rapidly across human ventral visual cortex

et al. 2022

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Event-related phase synchronization propagates rapidly across human ventral visual cortex

et al. 2022

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“…dream) and pseudowords (e.g. meech) presented in lower-case Arial font, 150 pixels high (~2.2° visual angle) (Figure 1A) (Woolnough et al, 2021a). Stimuli were presented using Psychophysics Toolbox (Kleiner et al, 2007) run in Matlab.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PLV statistics were performed using a bootstrapped null distribution, randomly re-pairing trials between electrodes, using 5,000 repetitions. Phase probability distributions were quantified, using 30 equally spaced bins between -π and π, and mutual information (MI) was calculated based on these distributions at each time point, 1A) (Woolnough et al, 2021a). Stimuli were presented using Psychophysics Toolbox (Kleiner et al, 2007) run in Matlab.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Event-Related Phase Synchronization Propagates Rapidly across Human Ventral Visual Cortex

Woolnough

Forseth

Rollo

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Visual inputs to early visual cortex integrate with semantic, linguistic and memory inputs in higher visual cortex, in a manner that is rapid and accurate, and enables complex computations such as face recognition and word reading. This implies the existence of fundamental organizational principles that enable such efficiency. To elaborate on this, we performed intracranial recordings in 82 individuals while they performed tasks of varying visual and cognitive complexity. We discovered that visual inputs induce highly organized posterior-to-anterior propagating patterns of phase modulation across the ventral occipitotemporal cortex. At individual electrodes there was a stereotyped temporal pattern of phase progression following both stimulus onset and offset, consistent across trials and tasks. The phase of low frequency activity in anterior regions was predicted by the prior phase in posterior cortical regions. This spatiotemporal propagation of phase likely serves as a feed-forward organizational influence enabling the integration of information across the ventral visual stream. This phase modulation manifests as the early components of the event related potential; one of the most commonly used measures in human electrophysiology. These findings illuminate fundamental organizational principles of the higher order visual system that enable the rapid recognition and characterization of a variety of inputs.

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“…Previous intracranial work identified distinct fronto-temporal networks for sentence reading, sensitive to sentence-and lexical-level meaning, respectively (Woolnough et al, 2023). Research on aphasic patients suggested that left hemispheric fronto-temporal language regions are selectively engaged in language by storing domain-specific knowledge representations, whereas nonlinguistic abilities do not rely on the language system (Fedorenko & Varley, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha and Beta Oscillations Differentially Support Word Production in a Rule-Switching Task

Zioga,

Zhou,

Weissbart

et al. 2024

eNeuro

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Research into the role of brain oscillations in basic perceptual and cognitive functions has suggested the alpha rhythm reflects functional inhibition while the beta rhythm reflects neural ensemble (re)activation. However, little is known regarding the generalization of these proposed fundamental operations to linguistic processes, such as speech comprehension and production. Here, we recorded magnetoencephalography (MEG) in participants performing a novel rule-switching paradigm. Specifically, Dutch native speakers had to produce an alternative exemplar from the same category or a feature of a given target word embedded in spoken sentences (e.g., for the wordtunaan exemplar from the same category—seafood—would beshrimp, and a feature would bepink). A cue indicated the task rule—exemplar or feature—either before (pre-cue) or after (retro-cue) listening to the sentence. Alpha power during the working-memory delay was lower for retro-cue compared to pre-cue in left hemispheric language-related regions. Critically, alpha power negatively correlated with reaction times, suggestive of alpha facilitating task performance by regulating inhibition in regions linked to lexical retrieval. Furthermore, we observed a different spatiotemporal pattern of beta activity for exemplars vs. features in right temporo-parietal regions, in line with the proposed role of beta in recruiting neural networks for the encoding of distinct categories. Overall, our study provides evidence for the generalizability of the role of alpha and beta oscillations from perceptual to more complex (linguistic) processes, and offers a novel task to investigate links between rule-switching, working memory, and word production.Significance StatementIt remains unclear whether the proposed functional role of alpha and beta oscillations in perceptual function is generalizable to higher-level cognitive processes. We constructed a novel rule-switching paradigm involving speech comprehension and word production. We found that alpha power is modulated by cognitive load and is linked to task performance, potentially by regulating inhibition in brain regions linked to lexical retrieval. Additionally, the spatiotemporal pattern of beta activity differed between two distinct task rules, in line with the proposed role of beta in encoding of distinct categories and recruitment of respective neural networks. We offer experimental findings that support the view of a domain-general role of oscillations across the hierarchy of cognitive functions, from low-level sensory operations to high-level processes.

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A Spatiotemporal Map of Reading Aloud

Cited by 3 publications

References 78 publications

Event-related phase synchronization propagates rapidly across human ventral visual cortex

Event-related phase synchronization propagates rapidly across human ventral visual cortex

Event-Related Phase Synchronization Propagates Rapidly across Human Ventral Visual Cortex

Alpha and Beta Oscillations Differentially Support Word Production in a Rule-Switching Task

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