A Spatial Analysis of Alcohol Outlet Density Type, Abandoned Properties, and Police Calls on Aggravated Assault Rates in a Northeastern U.S. City

Lardier, David T.; Opara, Ijeoma; Lin, Yan; Roach, Emily; Herrera, Andriana; Garcia‐Reid, Pauline; Reid, Robert J.

doi:10.1080/10826084.2021.1942053

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Community-based research and literature on violence prevention have demonstrated an increasing interest in looking at how neighborhood ecology affects intergroup conflict. Within this context, public health study has proven the connection between the number of alcohol outlets and violent crime [25 ▪▪ ].…”

Section: Urbanization Marketing and Alcohol Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Urbanicity and alcohol use epidemiology in the 21st century

Castaldelli‐Maia

2023

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

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Purpose of reviewThis review aimed to gather recent studies that could identify the specificities in the relationship between urbanization and alcohol use epidemiology in the current century.Recent findingsAlthough we find lower rates of alcohol use among adolescents in urban environments than in rural ones, this difference tends to diminish until it disappears by the time they reach adulthood. In addition to excessive marketing and increased accessibility, several urban environment characteristics have been related to alcohol use. First, problematic alcohol use is linked to stress and mental health problems like depression and anxiety, which are common in metropolitan areas. Second, alcohol use behaviors are influenced by homelessness, loneliness, and deprivation in megacities, where female and male individuals have presented more similar alcohol use behaviors (i.e. gender convergence). Third, treatment levels for alcohol use disorders are very low.SummaryThere is a new epidemiological wave of alcohol consumption in large urban centers, largely influenced by advertisement and marketing. Social and psychological risk factors and subpopulations of interest were identified for preventive interventions in large urban centers (i.e. advertisement regulation). In addition, increasing the availability of treatment, including specific medications for alcohol use disorder, should be strongly encouraged.

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Section: Urbanization Marketing and Alcohol Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Urbanicity and alcohol use epidemiology in the 21st century

Castaldelli‐Maia

2023

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

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“…Findings from another study in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania showed that the level of violence was highest within 85 feet of any bar, beyond which crime levels rapidly decreased [2]. Two other studies of alcohol outlet density and crime in the northeastern United States indicated that alcohol outlet density was related to increased violent crime and police calls for service [3, 4]. A study of the built environment in Seattle, Washington, found that a greater concentration of bars was positively associated with burglary, auto theft, arson and other types of theft [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Did the association between alcohol outlet density and crime change during COVID shelter‐in‐place orders?

O'Hara,

Paschall,

Grube

et al. 2024

Drug and Alcohol Review

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IntroductionWe investigated whether greater concentrations of on‐ and off‐sale alcohol outlets were associated with crime and whether this association was moderated by COVID‐19 shelter‐in‐place orders (SIP) that restricted on‐premises consumption of alcohol.MethodsCrimes (2019–2020) and addresses of licenced alcohol outlets in a medium‐sized California city were geocoded within census block groups (N = 61). On‐ and off‐sale alcohol outlet density was calculated as licenced outlets/2.59 km2 (1 square mile). Multilevel negative binomial regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between alcohol outlet density and crime, and possible moderating effects of SIP, controlling for block group demographic characteristics and density of other retail businesses.ResultsOn‐sale outlet density was positively associated with total crimes and Part 2 crimes, while off‐sale outlet density was inversely associated with total crime and Part 2 crimes. Overall, SIP was not significantly associated with crime, but moderated the associations of on‐sale density with total crime and Part 1 crimes such that reductions in crime during SIP were observed in higher density areas. The association of off‐sale outlets with crime was not moderated by SIP policies.Discussion and ConclusionOn‐sale outlet density, but not off‐sale density, appears to be associated with increased crime. The results further indicate that restrictions in hours and service imposed by SIP policies reduced crime in high on‐sale outlet density areas. These findings reinforce the importance of regulating alcohol outlet density and hours of service, especially for on‐sale outlets, as a crime reduction strategy.

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“…8 Underserved urban communities tend to also have numerous ecological factors that place youth in at-risk circumstances, which increases the probability of alcohol and drug use, binge drinking, and smoking. 9 For instance, recent studies have shown that numerous ecological factors increase the likelihood of substance use including income inequality, lack of community prevention-intervention resources 10 and increased density of alcohol outlets, 11,12 tobacco outlets, 13,14 as well as access to illicit drugs. 15 These combinations of multi-system ecological factors influence the concurrent use of drugs and alcohol among adolescents of color.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent Class Groups of Concurrent Substance Use Among Adolescents in an Urban Community: Correlates With Mental Health, Access to Drugs and Alcohol, and Risk Perception

Lardier,

Davis,

Verdezoto

et al. 2023

Substance Use & Addiction Journal

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Background: Concurrent substance use among adolescents has been associated with an increase in physical and mental health problems. These outcomes tend to be exacerbated among adolescents of color in underserved urban settings. The purpose of this study was to understand alcohol and concurrent drug use patterns among adolescents in an underserved urban community to provide targeted prevention and treatment recommendations. Method: This study examined data among adolescents in an underserved urban community (N = 1789; 56.90% female; 70.86% Hispanic/Latino/a; meanage = 15.96 ± 1.56). Using latent class analysis (LCA) and multinomial logistic regression modeling, analyses identified independent correlates of latent class membership. Results: Five latent classes (LC) were identified including LC group 1: Predominant alcohol use and limited to no concurrent-drug use (n = 213; 11.9%); LC group 2: Concurrent drug and alcohol use including methamphetamine, marijuana and synthetic marijuana use, and alcohol use (n = 74; 4.2%); LC group 3: Concurrent drug and alcohol use, with no marijuana use (n = 204; 11.39%); LC group 4: High Concurrent drug use and alcohol use (n = 204; 11.40%); and LC group 5: Concurrent drug use without alcohol use (n = 1101; 61.52%). Significant between group differences were noted between latent class groups and sociodemographic characteristics. Multinomial logistic regression models identified the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and corollary clinical features of substance use on latent class groupings of alcohol and concurrent drug use. Conclusion: Understanding concurrent substance use LC groups among adolescents is essential to providing targeted interventions and treatment programs, as well as early intervention programs that may help reduce substance use during adolescence.

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A Spatial Analysis of Alcohol Outlet Density Type, Abandoned Properties, and Police Calls on Aggravated Assault Rates in a Northeastern U.S. City

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

Urbanicity and alcohol use epidemiology in the 21st century

Urbanicity and alcohol use epidemiology in the 21st century

Did the association between alcohol outlet density and crime change during COVID shelter‐in‐place orders?

Latent Class Groups of Concurrent Substance Use Among Adolescents in an Urban Community: Correlates With Mental Health, Access to Drugs and Alcohol, and Risk Perception

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