A Space Mapping Methodology for Defect Characterization From Magnetic Flux Leakage Measurements

Amineh, Reza K.; Koziel, Slawomir; Nikolova, Natalia K.; Bandler, J.W.; Reilly, J.P.

doi:10.1109/tmag.2008.923228

Cited by 64 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Therefore, if these two types of features are inspected, surface topography can also be easily measured accordingly. In this case, by using magnetic sensors to directly induce the magnetic features with a certain liftoff distance above the measured surface, the corresponding surface topography can be inspected and therefore be evaluated [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. Naturally, a non-contact magnetic inspection and evaluation methodology is provided here by using magnetic sensors such as Halls or magneto-resistive units with a certain liftoff distance to directly scan the corresponding magnetic characters caused by different surface topography, concave or bump, for instance, and then, the picking-up signals are processed through a data processing system where the surface topography is reflected ultimately, as shown in Figure 4.…”

Section: Ndtande Methodology For Surface Topographymentioning

confidence: 99%

A NDT&E Methodology Based on Magnetic Representation for Surface Topography of Ferromagnetic Materials

Sun¹,

Liu²

2016

Non-Destructive Testing

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Accurate evaluation is the final aim of nondestructive testing (NDT). However, the present electromagnetic NDT methods are commonly used to check the existence of defects, and all the tested targets only consist of concave defects (i.e., section-loss defects), such as holes, cracks, or corrosions, failing to evaluate the tested surface topography, which mainly consists of concave-shaped and bump-shaped features. At present, it is accepted that the commonly observed signals of the defects mainly manifest themselves in a single-/doublepeak wave and their up/down directions of the peak wave can be easily changed just by changing the directions of either applied magnetization or pick-up units even for one defect. Unlike the present stylus and optical methods for surface topography inspections, a new electromagnetic NDT and evaluation (NDT&E) methodology is provided based on the accurate magnetic representation of surface topography, in which a concaveshaped feature produces "positive" magnetic flux leakages (MFLs) and therefore forms a "raised" signal wave but a bump-shaped feature generates "negative" magnetic fields and therefore leads to a "sunken" signal wave. In this case, the corresponding relationships between wave features and surface topography are presented and the relevant evaluation system for testing surface topography (concave, bumped, and flat features) is built. The provided methodology was analyzed and verified by finite element and experimental methods. Meanwhile, the different dimension parameters of height/ depth and width of surface topography are further studied.

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Section: Ndtande Methodology For Surface Topographymentioning

confidence: 99%

A NDT&E Methodology Based on Magnetic Representation for Surface Topography of Ferromagnetic Materials

Sun¹,

Liu²

2016

Non-Destructive Testing

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“…The magnetic flux leakage technique has been utilized to characterize the defect by solving an inverse problem based on a space mapping methodology [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation for cracks detection using the finite elements method

Bennoud¹,

Zergoug²,

Allali³

2014

The International Journal of Multiphysics

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“…This is true not only for coiled tubing inspection, but also for inspection of other metal structures, such as pipelines, storage tanks, aircrafts, etc. The task remains challenging in quantitatively predicting the topology and severity of detected defects, as described in C. Breidenthal et al 10 , Ravan et al 11 , Rostamabad et al 12 , Amineh et al 13,14 , Priewald et al 15 , Xu et al 16 , McJunkin et al 17 , among others. Because of the intrinsic complexity, much of the defect characterization work still heavily depends on individual prove ups upon detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steel Coiled Tubing Defect Evaluation Using Magnetic Flux Leakage Signals

Liu

Minerbo

Zheng

2014

Day 2 Wed, March 26, 2014

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Mechanical defects, such as manufacturing imperfections, grinding marks, corrosion pits, slip marks, kinking, gouges, etc, whether occurred in the factory or in the field, can be readily found on CT strings. Extensive studies have demonstrated the detrimental effects of mechanical defects, over the integrity of the coiled tubing, both in the lab and in the field. Researchers in the field have been proposing theoretical models for the severity assessment of mechanical defects, particularly as it relates to the remaining fatigue life. For such models, the defect sizing is usually a prerequisite. In order to improve coiled tubing pipe management, it is important to assess the size of a defect, and its severity.MFL (magnetic flux leakage) based devices are volumetric and non-contact technology that is now commercially available for inspection and monitoring of CT strings. These devices have been demonstrated to be sufficiently sensitive in identifying mechanical defects. However, defect characterization and evaluation based on the devices' MFL signals is rarely seen. To fully utilize these MFL based inspection devices for coiled tubing pipe management, it is important to establish correlation between the MFL inspection signals and the geometry and severity of the underlying mechanical defects.The current work developed a three dimensional Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model to calculate magnetic flux leakage for mechanical defects on steel coiled tubing. The fidelity of the FEA model was verified against analytical and experimental results over a series of benchmark defects. By using the analytical and FEA models, parametric studies were performed to evaluate how the MFL signals are affected by various factors. The results were used to identify defect geometry features based on MFL signals. Physical limits behind these results were identified and analyzed. Ways to overcome such limits were proposed. Further, a novel approach was presented and validated to reconstruct three-dimensional MFL field based on a single MFL component measurement. The benefit of using multiple MFL components was demonstrated for defect characterization.

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A Space Mapping Methodology for Defect Characterization From Magnetic Flux Leakage Measurements

Cited by 64 publications

References 25 publications

A NDT&E Methodology Based on Magnetic Representation for Surface Topography of Ferromagnetic Materials

A NDT&E Methodology Based on Magnetic Representation for Surface Topography of Ferromagnetic Materials

Numerical simulation for cracks detection using the finite elements method

Steel Coiled Tubing Defect Evaluation Using Magnetic Flux Leakage Signals

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