A Soybean Sucrose Non-Fermenting Protein Kinase 1 Gene, GmSNF1, Positively Regulates Plant Response to Salt and Salt–Alkali Stress in Transgenic Plants

Abstract

Soybean is one of the most widely grown oilseed crops worldwide. Several unfavorable factors, including salt and salt–alkali stress caused by soil salinization, affect soybean yield and quality. Therefore, exploring the molecular basis of salt tolerance in plants and developing genetic resources for genetic breeding is important. Sucrose non-fermentable protein kinase 1 (SnRK1) belongs to a class of Ser/Thr protein kinases that are evolutionarily highly conserved direct homologs of yeast SNF1 and animal AMPKs and are involved in various abiotic stresses in plants. The GmPKS4 gene was experimentally shown to be involved with salinity tolerance. First, using the yeast two-hybrid technique and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) technique, the GmSNF1 protein was shown to interact with the GmPKS4 protein. Second, the GmSNF1 gene responded positively to salt and salt–alkali stress according to qRT-PCR analysis, and the GmSNF1 protein was localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm using subcellular localization assay. The GmSNF1 gene was then heterologously expressed in yeast, and the GmSNF1 gene was tentatively identified as having salt and salt–alkali tolerance function. Finally, the salt–alkali tolerance function of the GmSNF1 gene was demonstrated by transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana, soybean hairy root complex plants overexpressing GmSNF1 and GmSNF1 gene-silenced soybean using VIGS. These results indicated that GmSNF1 might be useful in genetic engineering to improve plant salt and salt–alkali tolerance.

Multi-Omics Analysis of the Effects of Soil Amendment on Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Photosynthesis under Drip Irrigation with Brackish Water

“…Long-term brackish water drip irrigation could also lead to massive accumulation of Na + and other salt ions in plants, disrupting osmotic balance, and competitively inhibiting the uptake of other ions [ 27 ]. Neutral brackish water irrigation is dominated by Na + and Cl − stress, while alkaline brackish water irrigation also includes CO 3 2− , and high pH stress [ 28 , 29 ]. This study found that more Na + and less K + were accumulated in leaves under alkaline water drip irrigation compared to neutral water drip irrigation.…”

Identification and expression of the Di19 gene family in response to abiotic stress in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

“…Common bean seeds were germinated in vermiculite at 25°C for 3 days. Stress treatments were applied as followed after the first ternary compound leaf was unfolded ( Li et al, 2020 ; Staniak et al, 2021 ; Zhai et al, 2021 ; Fu et al, 2022 ; Lu et al, 2023 ; Wang et al, 2023 ). For drought treatment, the roots were immersed in Hoagland’s nutrient solution supplemented with 10% and 20% PEG-6000, and sampled at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 h after treatment.…”

PvARL1 Increases Biomass Yield and Enhances Alkaline Tolerance in Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.)

“…Previous studies have shown that many genes could be simultaneously involved in salt and alkali stress in various plant species, like Miscanthus sinensis , soybean, and grapevine [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Soybean GmSNF1 (SUCROSE NON-FERMENTING PROTEIN KINASE 1) was up-regulated and Miscanthus sinensis MsGRAS60 (GAI (gibberellic acid-insensitive), RGA (a repressor of GAI), and SCR (scarecrow)) was down-regulated under salt and alkali stress [ 5 , 6 ].…”

“…Previous studies have shown that many genes could be simultaneously involved in salt and alkali stress in various plant species, like Miscanthus sinensis , soybean, and grapevine [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Soybean GmSNF1 (SUCROSE NON-FERMENTING PROTEIN KINASE 1) was up-regulated and Miscanthus sinensis MsGRAS60 (GAI (gibberellic acid-insensitive), RGA (a repressor of GAI), and SCR (scarecrow)) was down-regulated under salt and alkali stress [ 5 , 6 ]. Ectopic-expressing Glycine max GmPKS4 ( CALCINEURIN B-LIKE PROTEIN-INTERACTING KINASES 4 ) in Arabidopsis and Medicago sativa MsCBL4 (CALCINEURIN B-LIKE 4) in tobacco both enhanced salt and alkali tolerance of the corresponding plants [ 7 , 8 ].…”