A sorghum genome-wide association study (GWAS) identifies a WRKY transcription factor as a candidate gene underlying sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) resistance

Poosapati, Sowmya; Poretsky, Elly; Dressano, Keini; Ruiz, Miguel; Vazquez, Armando; Sandoval, Evan; Estrada-Cardenas, Adelaida; Duggal, Sarthak; Lim, Jia-Hui; Morris, Geoffrey P.; Szczepaniec, Adrianna; Walse, Spencer S.; Ni, Xinzhi; Schmelz, Eric A.; Huffaker, Alisa

doi:10.1007/s00425-021-03814-x

Cited by 13 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…The inset panel is a close-up of the RMES1 region on chromosome 6. c) Genomic regions segregating between NILs determined from WGS. Red dotted line indicates RMES1 F ST -identified SNP on chromosome 6 (S06_2995581v3 = S06_3222901vRTx430) (Muleta et al ., 2022) and the original RMES2 GWAS-identified SNP on chromosome 9 (BTx623v3.1 S9_57630053, RTx430v2.1 S09_54801196) (Poosapati et al ., 2022). Genomic analyses indicates that, as intended, NILs segregate for RMES1 but not RMES2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a) Association of resequencing variants determined with a general linear model (GLM) that included principal components (PC) 1-3 as fixed effects, phenotypes from Poosapati et al ., 2022. b) Association of resequencing variants determined with a GLM that included principal components 1-3 of population structure and the peak RMES2 SNP from the GLM (S09_61521444) as fixed effect covariate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RMES2 was previously reported as a source of HPR in the combined association panel and SbWRKY86 was proposed as the causal gene due to the strongest associations falling within the gene model (Poosapati et al ., 2022). In order to test hypotheses on RMES2 genomic position and inform marker development, we used resequencing data which contains ∼200 times more variants than previous GBS datasets and generated new genome-wide associations to reanalyze Chr09.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RMES1 is rare in global sorghum diversity, however it was swept to fixation in a recently established Haitian breeding population founded on globally admixed genotypes from East and West Africa (Muleta et al ., 2022). A second sorghum aphid HPR QTL ( RMES2 ) co-localized with a WRKY transcription factor whose functional allele may act as a regulatory hub for induced defenses (Poosapati et al ., 2022). The prevalence and utility of this second sorghum aphid HPR source for breeding programs has not been established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are competing hypotheses on whether RMES1 provides resistance (antibiosis or antixenosis) or tolerance and whether that phenotype extends to other aphid species. The contribution of RMES2 to global breeding is unknown and molecular breeding tools have not been developed (Poosapati et al ., 2022). It is also unclear whether RMES1 and RMES2 act additively or are epistatic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Globally-deployed sorghum aphid resistance geneRMES1is vulnerable to biotype shifts but being bolstered byRMES2

VanGessel,

Rice,

Felderhoff

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Durable host plant resistance (HPR) to insect pests is critical for sustainable agriculture. Natural variation exists for aphid HPR in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) but the genetic architecture and phenotype has not been clarified for most sources. To assess the threat of a sorghum aphid (Melanaphis sorghi) biotype shift, we characterized the phenotype ofResistance to Melanaphis sorghi 1(RMES1) and contributing HPR architecture in globally-admixed populations selected under severe aphid infestation in Haiti. We foundRMES1reduces sorghum aphid fecundity but not bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) fecundity, suggesting a discriminant HPR response typical of gene-for-gene interaction. A second resistant gene,RMES2, were more frequent thanRMES1resistant alleles in landraces and historic breeding lines.RMES2contributes early and mid-season aphid resistance in a segregating F2population, howeverRMES1was only significant with mid-season fitness. In a fixed population with high aphid resistance,RMES1andRMES2were selected for demonstrating a lack of significant antagonistic pleiotropy. Associations with resistance co-located with cyanogenic glucoside biosynthesis genes support additional HPR sources. Globally, therefore, a vulnerable HPR source (RMES1) is bolstered by a second common source of resistance in breeding programs (RMES2) which may be staving off a biotype shift.HIGHLIGHTThe globally-deployed sorghum aphid resistance gene,RMES1, reduces aphid reproduction and therefore is vulnerable to a biotype shift. A second major gene,RMES2, and cyanogenesis may increase global durability of resistance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Globally-deployed sorghum aphid resistance geneRMES1is vulnerable to biotype shifts but being bolstered byRMES2

VanGessel,

Rice,

Felderhoff

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Melanaphis sacchari/sorghi complex: current status, challenges and integrated strategies for managing the invasive sap‐feeding insect pest of sorghum

Vasquez,

Belsky,

Khanal

et al. 2024

Pest Management Science

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Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner;Hemiptera: Aphididae), sugarcane aphid (SCA), is an invasive phloem‐feeder found worldwide with a wide host range of economically important plants including sorghum and sugarcane. Given its high reproductive capacity and ability to rapidly spread over long distances, SCA presents challenges for effective control, leading to substantial economic losses. Recent studies have identified two multiloci SCA genotypes specialized in feeding on sugarcane (MLL‐D) and sorghum (MLL‐F) in the USA, which raises concerns as the USA is the second largest sorghum‐producing country. This has encouraged research towards identifying these two biotypes where some research has stated them as two species; MLL‐D clade to be M. sacchari and MLL‐F clade to be M. sorghi Theobald (Hemiptera: Aphididae), sorghum aphid (SA). This review aims at compiling research progress that has been made on understanding the SCA/SA species complex. Furthermore, this review also highlights a wide range of management strategies against SCA/SA that includes both biological and chemical methods. In addition, the review emphasizes studies examining host plant resistance to understand and evaluate the role of R‐genes and phytohormones such as jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and ethylene against SCA. Beside this, plant volatiles and other secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, terpenes and phytanes are also explored as potential control agents. Being an invasive pest, a single management tactic is inadequate to control SCA population and hence, integrated pest management practices incorporating physical, cultural and biological control methods should be implemented with exclusive chemical control as a last resort, which this review examines in detail. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Globally deployed sorghum aphid resistance gene RMES1 is vulnerable to biotype shifts but is bolstered by RMES2

VanGessel,

Rice,

Felderhoff

et al. 2024

The Plant Genome

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Durable host plant resistance (HPR) to insect pests is critical for sustainable agriculture. Natural variation exists for aphid HPR in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), but the genetic architecture and phenotype have not been clarified and characterized for most sources. In order to assess the current threat of a sorghum aphid (Melanaphis sorghi) biotype shift, we characterized the phenotype of Resistance to Melanaphis sorghi 1 (RMES1) and additional HPR architecture in globally admixed populations selected under severe sorghum aphid infestation in Haiti. We found RMES1 reduces sorghum aphid fecundity but not bird cherry‐oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) fecundity, suggesting a discriminant HPR response typical of gene‐for‐gene interaction. A second resistant gene, Resistance to Melanaphis sorghi 2 (RMES2), was more frequent than RMES1 resistant alleles in landraces and historic breeding lines. RMES2 contributes early and mid‐season aphid resistance in a segregating F2 population; however, RMES1 was only significant with mid‐season fitness. In a fixed population with high sorghum aphid resistance, RMES1 and RMES2 were selected for demonstrating a lack of severe antagonistic pleiotropy. Associations with resistance colocated with cyanogenic glucoside biosynthesis genes support additional HPR sources. Globally, therefore, an HPR source vulnerable to biotype shift via selection pressure (RMES1) is bolstered by a second common source of resistance in breeding programs (RMES2), which may be staving off a biotype shift and is critical for sustainable sorghum production.

show abstract

A sorghum genome-wide association study (GWAS) identifies a WRKY transcription factor as a candidate gene underlying sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) resistance

Cited by 13 publications

References 144 publications

Globally-deployed sorghum aphid resistance geneRMES1is vulnerable to biotype shifts but being bolstered byRMES2

Globally-deployed sorghum aphid resistance geneRMES1is vulnerable to biotype shifts but being bolstered byRMES2

Melanaphis sacchari/sorghi complex: current status, challenges and integrated strategies for managing the invasive sap‐feeding insect pest of sorghum

Globally deployed sorghum aphid resistance gene RMES1 is vulnerable to biotype shifts but is bolstered by RMES2

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