A Solvent‐Free and Water‐Resistant Dipole–Dipole Interaction‐Based Super Adhesive

Abstract

Water‐resistant and high‐strength adhesion on different surfaces has attracted considerable attention for decades. However, the adhesion performances of conventional adhesives suffer from deterioration in adhesion performances under water or wet conditions. This work proposes a dipole–dipole interaction strategy for fabricating a solvent‐free adhesive that is synthesized via simple one‐step copolymerization of dipole monomer acrylonitrile (AN), crosslinker poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) with variable length, and a monomer‐soluble initiator that initiates room‐temperature polymerization. The dipole–dipole interactions from cyan groups in AN concurrently contribute to strong cohesion and adhesion strength in bonding to a wide range of substrates including aluminum, ceramic, glass fiber, epoxy resin, polyethylene terephthalate, wood, and fractured large segmental bone. The adhesion strengths are dependent upon the length of PEGDA, and the shorter PEGDA‐crosslinked PAN adhesive demonstrates outstanding water‐resistant adhesion spanning pH 2 to pH 10 for 30 days with adhesion strength ranging from 3.31 to 3.97 MPa due to strong dipole–dipole pairing shielding. This dipole–dipole interaction and co‐dissolution strategy open a new avenue for creating high‐strength water‐resistant adhesives for promising applications in engineering and hard‐tissue repair.

Super Strong and Multi-Reusable Supramolecular Epoxy Hot Melt Adhesives

“…To combine the virtue of thermoplastic and thermoset hot melt adhesives, hot melt adhesives constructed by dynamic bonds, − including dynamic covalent bonds and noncovalent interactions, have been developed. − Through the continuous reversible rupture or exchange of dynamic bonds, the adhesives can wet the surface of the substrates and join the substrates together. Supramolecular adhesives are made of small molecules or polymers which are connected together through noncovalent interactions to form cross-links. − Owing to the high thermodynamic stability and the rapid kinetic reversibility of noncovalent interactions, − supramolecular hot melt adhesives exhibit multiple reusability and require relatively moderate bonding conditions. , Nevertheless, the unsatisfied adhesion strength restricts the application of supramolecular hot melt adhesives. To impart supramolecular hot melt adhesives with remarkable stiffness and strength, the highly cross-linked architecture is usually designed because of the relatively weak noncovalent interactions .…”

Unprecedented Adhesive Performance of Propylene-Based Hydroxyl-Functionalized Terpolymers

“…Hence, modern adhesive design should combine an ecological approach using a cost-effective technology with high product performance. For this reason, hot melt adhesives (HMAs) increasingly attract attention as they could be an answer for the demanding requirements of the market. − Typical adhesive strengths of commercially available ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyurethane-based HMA are limited to 6–7 MPa. , Rapid development of high-performance lightweight products requires excellent adhesion to a vast range of individual materials. Hybrid systems, employing for example metal and polymer surfaces, are increasingly used in a wide range of applications. , …”

Super-strong reusable hot melt adhesives prepared from hyperbranched epoxy resin

“…14–16 The adhesion from noncovalent dynamic bonds, such as carboxylic acid groups and carbonyl groups, 17 showed rapid kinetic reversibility owing to the continuous exchange of noncovalent interactions. However, the adhesion strength is much weaker 16,18,19 than dynamic covalent bonds, since the exchange process of noncovalent bonds involves only dissociative and associative processes rather than cleavage and formation of new chemical bonds. 20…”