A Soluble Androgen Receptor in the Cytoplasm of Rat Prostate

Mainwaring, W.I.P.

doi:10.1677/joe.0.0450531

Cited by 301 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…As all prostatic rat steroid 5a-R E D activity is reportedly located in the nucleus [ 18-203, one can hypothesize that the type I isozyme could therefore be active when T accumulates in the nucleus,, e.g. due to binding to the androgen receptor [21,22]. As the V maJ K m ratio of the type I isozyme still contributes substantially to the total potential in vivo 5 a-R E D activity, an anabolic function for this subtype in rat prostate is plausible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic analysis of rat steroid 5α-reductase activity in prostate and epididymis homogenates at neutral pH: Evidence for type I activity in epididymis

Span

Benraad

Sweep

et al. 1996

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Im m unocytochem ical studies and m R N A m easu rem en ts have show n th at the rat ep id id ym is-like the rat prostate-expresses both rat steroid 5a-reductase isozym es, i.e. type I and IL So far, enzym e activity m easurem ents in rat epididym is hom ogenates, how ever, do not support the presence o f type I 5a-reductase activity. Incubating hom ogenates o f both tissues w ith a wide range o f substrate concentrations, we were able to detect activity o f both isozym es in rat p rostate and ep id id ym is tissues at neutral pH. In rat prostate the am ount o f type I activity, as m easu red by the J/max at pH 7,0, exceeds that of type II 5a-reductase 50-fold. The efficiency ratio, VmaJ K my o f the type I isozym e accounts for 25% of the total in vivo potential activity. A possible anabolic role for the type I iso zy m e in rat prostate was thus surm ised. In rat epidid ym is the Fmax o f type I and type II 5a-reductase at pH 7.0 were sim ilar. C om parison of the efficiency ratio VmaJ K m o f either iso zy m e in the rat epididym is, however, suggested that the type II isozym e would play the m ajor role in the 5a-re duction o f testosterone at physiological concentrations and at n eu tral pH. The specific localization of the isozym es should be considered to allow for correct quantification o f their in vivo contribution to dihydrotestosterone form ation . C opyright © 1996 E lsevier Science Ltd.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic analysis of rat steroid 5α-reductase activity in prostate and epididymis homogenates at neutral pH: Evidence for type I activity in epididymis

Span

Benraad

Sweep

et al. 1996

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the late 1960s, the androgen receptor was discovered and characterized by three independent groups -those of S. Liao, N. Bruchovsky and I. Mainwaring [26][27][28] . Screening of chemical libraries for androgen-receptor blockers led to the discovery of cyproterone -a 'pure' steroidal anti-androgen that competitively inhibits the binding of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or testosterone to the androgen receptor 29 …”

Section: Boxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As these new agents were being developed, it became clear that none of these approaches (orchiectomy, LHRH agonists or anti-androgens) were by themselves able to cure patients with advanced prostate cancer 28 . The next logical step, therefore, was to combine androgenablative therapy directed at both reducing the amount of testosterone released from the testes (orchiectomy or LHRH agonist) and at neutralizing androgens produced by the adrenal glands with anti-androgens that act directly within prostate cancer cells.…”

Section: Boxmentioning

confidence: 99%

A history of prostate cancer treatment

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The increased incidence of prostate cancer has led to remarkable changes in diagnosis and treatment over the past century. What were the first ways in which prostate cancer was treated, and how did these evolve into the variety of therapeutic strategies from which patients have to choose today?In 1853, J. Adams, a surgeon at The London Hospital, described the first case of prostate cancer, which he discovered by histological examination 1 . Adams noted in his report that this condition was "a very rare disease". Remarkably, 150 years later, prostate cancer has become a significant health problem. In the United States, it is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men, with 180,000 new cases and about 31,000 deaths occurring annually 2 . This dramatic increase in the number of prostate cancer cases can be attributed to several causes. First, prostate cancer was not differentiated from other types of urinary obstruction until the early 1900s. Second, the incidence of prostate cancer increases more rapidly with age than any other cancer type 2 . The number of cases has risen as the average life expectancy has increased over the past century. Third, the increased incidence seems to be, in some way, related to the 'Western' lifestyle: the incidence of clinical prostate cancer is significantly lower in Asian populations, compared with Western populations 3 , and it

show abstract

“…To test the generality of this concept, we determined whether the specific receptors for [3H]DHT and [3H]estradiol would enhance binding to their respective target-tissue chromatins. Previous investigators have reported the in vivo (22) and in vitro (3) association of estradiol and the in vivo association of DHT with target-tissue chromatins (14). No evidence was presented to show whether the chromatins remained intact during the experimental procedures, or whether the target-cell receptor might have been adsorbed to the extracted chromatin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Soluble Complexes between Steroid Hormones and Target-Tissue Receptors Bind Specifically to Target-Tissue Chromatin

Steggles¹,

Spelsberg²,

Glasser³

et al. 1971

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cytoplasnmic fractions containing steroid hormone receptor were prepared from rat prostate and uterine tissues, incubated first with [3Hidihydrotestoster-one or [3Hjestradiol, and then with their respective target and non-target tissue chromatins. Only prostate and testis chromatin bound the dihydrotestosterone-receptor complex from prostate cytosol extensively. Similarly, uterine chromatin bound more estradiol-receptor complex from uterus than did liver, spleen, or lung chromatin. Complexes between dihydrotestosterone or estradiol with cytosols prepared from liver and spleen bound less extensively, and similarly, to all chromatins. Analogous results are described for the ['Hiprogesterone-receptor complex from chick oviduct cytosol binding to oviduct chromatin. These studies suggest that the chromatin of all steroid hormone target tissues may contain "acceptor sites" for their respective hormone-receptor complexes, and are thus programmed to receive the complex as it is transferred into the nucleus from the cytoplasm of the cell.

show abstract

A Soluble Androgen Receptor in the Cytoplasm of Rat Prostate

Cited by 301 publications

References 0 publications

Kinetic analysis of rat steroid 5α-reductase activity in prostate and epididymis homogenates at neutral pH: Evidence for type I activity in epididymis

Kinetic analysis of rat steroid 5α-reductase activity in prostate and epididymis homogenates at neutral pH: Evidence for type I activity in epididymis

A history of prostate cancer treatment

Soluble Complexes between Steroid Hormones and Target-Tissue Receptors Bind Specifically to Target-Tissue Chromatin

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About