A solar flux density calculation for a solar tower concentrator using a two-dimensional hermite function expansion

Modeling of Drift Effects on Solar Tower Concentrated Flux Distributions

“…Therefore, the model could be appropriate for quick preliminary estimations and primary optimizations [21]. Walzel et al [22] found that the accuracy of codes using convolution techniques, the peak flux error, and average absolute error is in the range of 1-2%, which is comparable to what can be obtained from ray-tracing codes like SolTrace.…”

Central tower concentrating solar power (CSP) systems

“…The energy beyond this diameter (i.e., the spillage for a circular target) would be mathematically equal to the relative intensity at the defi ned radius, assuming the Gaussian is a reasonable approximation to the solar aureole. A better fi t to the true sunshape can be accomplished by adding to the second moment (sigma 2 ) higher moment terms such as fourth moment (a measure of kurtosis), sixth moment, etc., in a Hermitian series (Walzel et al, 1977), but if beam errors are comparable to the second moment of the sunshape the improvement is marginal and the complication signifi cant. For detailed fl ux analysis, it is useful to include terms in the Hermite series to sixth order.…”

“…As it is much easier to bend glass into a cylinder than a sphere (due to Poisson ratio effects), frequently mirrors are focused only on the long axis. Whatever the optical geometry (fi gure), the image (from a point sun) of the error-free mirror can be projected to the receiver via ray-trace and the second moment (and higher moments) of this 'spot' can be calculated and added in quadrature to that of the degraded sun (Walzel et al, 1977), or the image may be generated by detailed ray tracing.…”

Thermodynamic performance evaluation of solar and other thermal power generation systems: A review

“…They considered two governing factors like steering constraints on mirror orientations and shadow effects by blocking the incident/ reflected solar radiation. Walzel et al [73] presented the calculation of solar flux density on the central receiver due to a large number of flat polygonal reflectors having various orientations for the tower concept of solar energy collection. Peterka et al [74] discussed mean and peak wind loads on flat rectangular or circular heliostats.…”