Solar
energy-facilitated icephobic films have emerged as clean
and renewable materials, which can potentially solve energy loss problems
during anti-icing/deicing applications. However, there is a significant
challenge for all-day and continuous anti-icing/deicing applications
under practical conditions with insufficient sunlight or no sunlight.
In this work, a chemical oxidation polymerization method was used
to prepare in situ self-wrinkling porous poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)/polypyrrole
(PPy) (POP-P) films based on a facile sugar template method. The porous-structured
film enhanced light absorption by elongating the optical path for
multiple reflections, maintaining an outstanding broad-band solar
light absorption (295–2500 nm) and an exceptional photo-thermal
effect. The light-to-heat performance showed a temperature enhancement
from room temperature to 89.1 °C within 400 s under 1 sun illumination
(q
i = 1.0 kW m–2). In
addition, this membrane also exhibited an electro-thermal effect at
different voltages due to the Joule effect, and the saturation temperature
could reach 75.4 °C at a voltage of 32 V. As an anti-icing/deicing
material, this POP-P surface remained ice-free (−25 °C)
throughout alternating of day and night, under conditions of a solar
intensity of 0.8 kW m–2 and a voltage of 25 V.