A Socio-Ecological Model Approach to Data Deficiency in Fishery Management: Case Study of Amami-Oshima, Japan

Abstract

Socio-ecological systems (SESs) have emerged to incorporate the perspectives of multiple stakeholders when attempting to solve wicked problems related to fishery management (Vasslides and Jensen 2016) . This is difficult because of the complexity of fisheries' SES, a term used to refer to the different components and relationships between the fisheries' resource system, the natural environment, and various stakeholders (Kittinger et al. 2013;Murphy et al. 2021) . For example, in this case study, the biological and ecological attributes obtained through literature reviews were then associated with fisherpersons and fisheries cooperative association(FCA)officials, resulting in outcomes that affected both ecological and economic systems.