A Social Justice Approach to Measuring Bystander Behavior: Introducing the Critically Conscious Bystander Scale

Johnson, Nicole L.; Walker, Ruth V.; Rojas-Ashe, Elsa E.

doi:10.1007/s11199-019-01028-w

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

Section: Bi Models For Violence Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proactive BI are actions taken to address violence more broadly, which can pave the way for shifts in the very social norms that perpetuate violence. Johnson et al (2019) asserted the need to examine BI beyond the scope of direct helping in situations demonstrating risk for violence. “In order to combat the root cause [of violence]” (p. 734), they write, “individuals’ involvement in anti-violence activism reflects the critical-consciousness necessary to realize its end.” Proactive engagement in anti-violence efforts is of clear importance to the BI model, as evidenced by their inclusion on widely used measurement tools, such as Bystander Behavior Scale (Banyard et al, 2014), such as encouraging others to learn about, and get involved with, violence prevention and talking with a friend about keeping safe at parties.…”

Section: Bi Models For Violence Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…“In order to combat the root cause [of violence]” (p. 734), they write, “individuals’ involvement in anti-violence activism reflects the critical-consciousness necessary to realize its end.” Proactive engagement in anti-violence efforts is of clear importance to the BI model, as evidenced by their inclusion on widely used measurement tools, such as Bystander Behavior Scale (Banyard et al, 2014), such as encouraging others to learn about, and get involved with, violence prevention and talking with a friend about keeping safe at parties. At the same time, measurement of BI that accounts for proactive behaviors generally includes reactive actions as well (i.e., Cascardi et al, 2020; Johnson et al, 2019; McMahon et al, 2015), such that it is difficult to parse out the specific engagement in violence prevention students are demonstrating across the continuum of violence. Because proactive behaviors have demonstrated distinction from reactive BI (Cascardi et al, 2020), focusing on proactive engagement via peer communication about violence is an important, yet understudied aspect of BI, and understanding the correlates of peer discussion can help shed light on violence prevention-related change agent aids (Butler & Fisher, 2020).…”

Section: Bi Models For Violence Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a range of opportunities for prosocial intervention, including those that are in response to violence that appears imminent or is currently underway, as well as proactive, such as engaging in activities that have broader missions to prevent violence (McMahon & Banyard, 2012). Although the bulk of BI research focuses on individuals’ reactive responses, participating in conscious-raising and anti-violence activities, like joining prevention-related events and talking with others about violence prevention, likely reflects critical awareness of violence as a social justice issue (Johnson et al, 2019), and engaging in such is necessary for realizing its end (McMahon & Banyard, 2012). The extent to which students engage in these types of activities is increasingly recognized as an important aspect of violence-prevention research (Banyard et al, 2014; Hoxmeier et al, 2018; Johnson et al, 2019; McMahon & Banyard, 2012), given its connection to, and relevance for, thinking about BI as innovative, anti-violence behaviors whereby its diffusion (Butler & Fisher, 2020; Coker et al, 2016; Rogers, 1983; 2003; 2010) is critical for ending violence.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

College Students’ Engagement in Violence Prevention Discussions with Peers

Hoxmeier

Connor

McMahon

2022

J Interpers Violence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The bystander intervention (BI) model recognizes a range of prosocial helping behaviors individuals can perform to support sexual and dating violence (S/DV) prevention efforts. Individuals can demonstrate a commitment to ending violence through proactive BI, such as participating in prevention initiatives or talking with peers about ways to keep safe, which are different than reactive BI behaviors when violence is underway. Given the anchoring of the BI model in Diffusion of Innovation Theory, which articulates the uptake of new behaviors throughout a population or community and the role of change agent aids in that process, investigating demographic, and other individual-level correlates, of proactive behaviors may help identify those students who are particularly positioned to help diffuse and normalize anti-violence behaviors. The purpose of this study was to examine (1) the occurrence of students’ engagement in peer discussions about violence prevention in the past year and (2) the correlates of reporting to have those discussions among university students in a cross-sectional study implemented on two campuses in the Mid-Atlantic U.S. Results showed that the most common discussion was talking to friends about being safe in dating relationships and the least common was talking with friends about participating in violence-prevention-related activities, with 66.2% and 22.5% having done so, respectively. Women, younger students, and those reporting to know a survivor of either DV or SV were more likely to report having discussions, compared to men, older students, and those not knowing a survivor. Additional relationships were detected between other individual characteristics, knowledge about violence/victimization, and climate-related variables but differed depending on whether participants participated in the DV or SV-related survey module. Findings suggest the need for BI training initiatives to emphasize proactive engagement and peer discussions, and that gender continues to be a robust indicator of violence-prevention actions.

show abstract

Section: Bi Models For Violence Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bi Models For Violence Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bi Models For Violence Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

College Students’ Engagement in Violence Prevention Discussions with Peers

Hoxmeier

Connor

McMahon

2022

J Interpers Violence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Critically Conscious Bystander Scale (CCBS; Johnson et al, 2019 ) is another measure of self-report. It includes 43 items and measures four factors, including bystander response in the face of sexual harassment and sexual assault, activism, and increased awareness of these types of violence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Questionnaire of Intention to Help in VAW Cases (QIHVC): Development and preliminary results

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionViolence against women (VAW) is a worldwide social and health problem of epidemic proportions. This violence is preventable, and bystander programs are one of the possible preventative strategies. The main purpose of this research was to develop a tool that, by applying a contrastive methodology for its application in different forms of violence (forms of gender-based violence, such as intimate partner VAW, sexual harassment at work, and street harassment, and common violence, such as a robbery), would allow measuring the probability of occurrence of bystander response in the face of these types of violence with good evidence of content validity.MethodFirstly (Study 1), an initial version of a measure tool, the Questionnaire of Intention to Help in VAW Cases (QIHVC), was developed; secondly (Study 2), a Delphi (modified) study was carried out to obtain valid, content-based evidence; and finally (Study 3), a pilot study was carried out to evaluate the appropriate functioning of the QIHVC and, if required, to make any necessary adjustments.Results and discussionThe main result is the development of a set of case scenarios and a questionnaire related to its content which constitutes the QIHVC and, in its initial approximation, seems to constitute an adequate and sensible tool to capture the differences between the characterizations of common violence and VAW and in the possible response of bystanders in the face of such violence.

show abstract

Engaging boys and men as allies in prevention: The efficacy of bystander program approaches for boys and men

Hoxmeier

Casey

2022

Engaging Boys and Men in Sexual Assault Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A Social Justice Approach to Measuring Bystander Behavior: Introducing the Critically Conscious Bystander Scale

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

College Students’ Engagement in Violence Prevention Discussions with Peers

College Students’ Engagement in Violence Prevention Discussions with Peers

The Questionnaire of Intention to Help in VAW Cases (QIHVC): Development and preliminary results

Engaging boys and men as allies in prevention: The efficacy of bystander program approaches for boys and men

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About