A SnO₂-Based Cathode Catalyst for Lithium-Air Batteries

Abstract

SnO2 and SnO2@C have been successfully synthesized with a simple hydrothermal procedure combined with heat treatment, and their performance as cathode catalysts of Li-air batteries has been comparatively evaluated and discussed. The results show that both SnO2 and SnO2@C are capable of catalyzing oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) and oxygen evolution reactions (OER) at the cathode of Li-air batteries, but the battery with SnO2@C displays better performance due to its unique higher conductivity, larger surface area, complex pore distribution, and huge internal space.

Improved Performance of Rechargeable Li‐O2 Batteries with Plate‐like SnS2 as Efficient Cathode Catalyst

“…The batteries with p‐SnS 2 and f‐SnS 2 deliver discharge capacities of 9605 mA h g −1 and 7608 mA h g −1 , respectively, they are more than twice or even triple about the batteries with Super P‐based cathode (3043 mA h g −1 ). The capacities are also greatly higher than the reported value of 4454 and 5912 mA h g −1 for SnO 2 and SnO 2 @C based batteries at the same current density, they are even evidently superior to the capacities of tin oxide based batteries at a lower current density of 75 mA g −1 . Moreover, considerably smaller voltage gaps can be observed for Li−O 2 batteries with SnS 2 catalysts compared to those with Super P, indicating the SnS 2 exhibits distinct bi‐functional catalytic activity for ORR and especially OER in Li−O 2 batteries.…”

“…As shown in Figure d and Figure S5, the batteries with p‐SnS 2 can run successfully for 50 cycles before the discharge terminal voltage falls below 2.0 V, while the batteries with f‐SnS 2 could only survive 34 cycles, implying the superiority of p‐SnS 2 as cathode catalyst of Li−O 2 batteries. In addition, the cycling performance of the Li−O 2 batteries with both SnS 2 materials at 300 mA g −1 is greatly better than the batteries with SnO 2 at a much lower current density of 75 mA g −1 . These results figure out that both p‐SnS 2 and f‐SnS 2 are bi‐functionally active as cathode catalyst of Li−O 2 batteries, with the former more favorable.…”

CuCr2O4@rGO Nanocomposites as High-Performance Cathode Catalyst for Rechargeable Lithium–Oxygen Batteries

“…The pure KB electrode provided the poorest electrochemical performance because of its low ORR and OER catalytic activity. Benefiting from the spinel structure of CCO nanoparticles and the synergistic effect from the bimetallic of Cu and Cr, the cycle stability and cycle life were certainly enhanced [17, 24, 32]. Owing to the superhigh surface area and the excellent electronic transmission ability of rGO, the cycleability was significantly enhanced further [30].…”

“…Flower-like NiOs with a highly hierarchical porous structure have been synthesized and used as a cathode material for LOBs which resulted in an outstanding cycling performance of over 80 cycles at a current density of 200 mA g −1 [21]. Yuan et al studied the SnO 2 -based cathode catalyst for lithium–air batteries [24]. Due to the advantageous synergistic effect of bimetals, CuCo 2 O 4 nanoparticles exhibited excellent catalytic activity for LOBs [25].…”

SnO2 as Advanced Anode of Alkali‐Ion Batteries: Inhibiting Sn Coarsening by Crafting Robust Physical Barriers, Void Boundaries, and Heterophase Interfaces for Superior Electrochemical Reaction Reversibility

“…at high temperatures, electron‐beam evaporator strategy, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process . The capability for simple preparation and the unique physical/chemical properties of SnO 2 ‐based materials have led them to be widely adopted in various other kinds of batteries including lithium–sulfur, lithium–air, zinc–air, zinc/nickel, and all‐vanadium redox flow batteries by serving as substrates or electrocatalysts . Thus, it is worthwhile to systematically summarize the synthesis methods and performance enhancement strategies of SnO 2 ‐based materials to promote their applications in batteries and other various fields.…”