A smoking cessation intervention for the methadone‐maintained

Abstract

A tailored behavioral intervention did not increase quit rates over patch and minimal treatment. Smoking cessation rates in methadone-maintained smokers are low, with men having greater success.

Early Quit Days Among Methadone-Maintained Smokers in a Smoking Cessation Trial

“…Quit initiation is an area that has not been well studied among MMT smokers. As noted previously, the existing RCTs of smoking cessation among MMT populations report on longer term follow-up outcomes and do not emphasize the early stages of the quitting in their analyses (Haug et al, 2004;Shoptaw et al, 2002;Stein et al, 2006Stein et al, , 2013, which will be examined in the current investigation.…”

“…In studies of MMT smokers, poor medication adherence has been identified as a significant barrier to successfully quitting Mooney et al, 2008;Richter et al, 2001;Stein et al, 2006Stein et al, , 2007.…”

“…In Shoptaw et al (2002), four-group trial testing NRT, relapse prevention plus NRT, contingency management plus NRT, and all three treatments combined, 12-month carbon monoxide (CO)-confirmed abstinence rates were below 10% in all four groups and there were no significant treatment group differences found. In the trial by Stein et al (2006) comparing Motivational Interviewing (MI) plus NRT to brief advice and patch, the intent-to-treat CO-confirmed 7-day point prevalence estimate of cessation were 5.2% in the MI group and 4.7% in the brief advice group at 6 months. Subsequent trial by Stein et al (2013) testing NRT, varenicline, and varenicline placebo also showed poor rates of CO-confirmed 7-day abstinence rates at 6-month follow-up (5.4%) and there were no treatment group differences found (varenicline group abstinence = 3.7%, placebo 2.2%, and NRT 8.3%).…”

“…Yet, all of the smoking cessation pharmacotherapies that have been tested in opioiddependent persons have far lower quit rates (Mooney et al, 2008;Okoli et al, 2010;Reid et al, 2008;Shoptaw et al, 2002;Stein et al, 2006) than those reported in trials of nondrug users (Hurt et al, 1994;Mooney et al, 2008;Okoli et al, 2010;Reid et al, 2008;Shoptaw et al, 2002;Stead et al, 2008;Stein et al, 2006). Over the last two decades, there have been four fully powered randomized clinical trials (RCTs) involving smoking cessation interventions specifically with MMT smokers (Haug, Advance Access publication June 20, 2014 nicotine & tobacco research, volume 16, number 11 (november 2014) 1463-1469 early quit days among methadone-maintained smokers Svikis, & Diclemente, 2004;Shoptaw et al, 2002;Stein et al, 2006Stein et al, , 2013Story & Stark, 1991).…”

Cigarette smoking cessation services in outpatient substance abuse treatment programs in the United States

“…On any given day, approximately 1 million Americans are in treatment for alcohol and other drug problems. 11 Research in this new field suggests that many substance abuse treatment patients are highly interested in quitting smoking, [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] that evidence-based treatment achieves long-term quit rates of 5-14%, 13,[21][22][23][24] and that quitting smoking does not threaten abstinence from other drugs of abuse, but might actually promote it. [6][7][8][9] Some substance abuse treatment facilities are beginning to do so.…”