A smartphone-assisted hybrid sensor for simultaneous potentiometric and distance-based detection of electrolytes

Dual-mode ion-selective electrodes and distance-based microfluidic device for detection of multiple urinary electrolytes

“…The pH effect toward the reaction occurs on dPAD during Cl − detection was investigated in 20 mM Cl − in the pH range of 2.0 to 10.0. 28 According to Fig. S5,† it was observed that the Cl − detection on dPAD was not affected by change in pH of the analyte.…”

“…The selectivity of dPAD was determined by testing the response of the assay to 20 mM Cl − in the presence of interfering ions, including 100 mM of Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , PO 4 3− , CO 3 2− , glucose, urea, Na + , and K + . 28 The results indicated that the Cl − signal was not affected with these ions by an error of 10% (Fig. S6 †).…”

“…In a recent work, potentiometric K + -ISE on transparency polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate using in-house stencil printing method and paper-based device was combined. 28 However, this device contains three layers of PET and double-side stacking tape, which increase the device costs and fabrication steps. Therefore, we decided to use a paper substrate, which is inexpensive and widely available, to fabricate the combined device.…”

Water monitoring with an automated smart sensor supported with solar power for real-time and long range detection of ferrous iron

“…Reference electrode membrane was prepared by mixing 200 mg poly(butyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) (P(BMA-co-MM)), 68 mg KCl, and 5 mg tetradodecylammonium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl) borate (ETH500) in 1 mL THF. [47][48][49] Then, 6 μL (2 μL × 3) of reference membrane was drop-cast on reference electrode zone. The stencil-printed ISEs were placed in a desiccator to allow THF evaporation for overnight.…”

Tuning the Chemical and Electrochemical Properties of Paper-Based Carbon Electrodes by Pyrolysis of Polydopamine

“…Electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs) have gained a lot of interest in many areas since 2009 when the first patterning routes for electrode fabrication were described on paper substrates. , Such devices can be compact, flexible, easy-to-use, and affordable and have been successfully demonstrated for the preparation of electrochemical biosensors, sensors, − supercapacitors, and batteries . In addition, the porosity of paper is a key advantage when compared to conventional subtrates, allowing a capillary flow of supporting electrolytes or precursors ,, for the fabrication of three-dimensional circuits and electrochemical cells on paper.…”