A small, differentially regulated family of farnesyl diphosphate synthases in maize (Zea mays) provides farnesyl diphosphate for the biosynthesis of herbivore-induced sesquiterpenes

Richter, Annett; Seidl-Adams, Irmgard; Köllner, Tobias G.; Schaff, Claudia; Tumlinson, James H.; Degenhardt, Jörg

doi:10.1007/s00425-015-2254-z

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…For additional coexpression of ZmCYP71Z16, the codon-optimized construct pET-DUET1:ZmCPR2/ZmCYP71Z16 was coexpressed with pGGeC and pET28b:ZmKSL4D106. For analysis of zealexin formation, the construct pET-DUET1:ZmCPR2/ZmCYP71Z16 was coexpressed with ZmFPPS3 and the b-macrocarpene synthase TPS6 (Köllner et al, 2008b;Richter et al, 2015) as well as the enhancer plasmid pIRS (Morrone et al, 2010). All coexpression assays were performed in E. coli BL21DE3-C41 and grown in 45 mL of Terrific Broth medium to an OD 600 of ;0.6 at 37°C.…”

Section: Combinatorial Expression In E Colimentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery, Biosynthesis and Stress-Related Accumulation of Dolabradiene-Derived Defenses in Maize

et al. 2018

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Section: Combinatorial Expression In E Colimentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery, Biosynthesis and Stress-Related Accumulation of Dolabradiene-Derived Defenses in Maize

et al. 2018

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“…Although adequate evidence on the genetic basis is lacking, an increasing number of studies reported loss of defense traits in plants subjected to artificial selection and breeding (Degenhardt et al., ; Palmgren et al., ; Rasmann et al., ; Tamiru et al., ).There was no obvious difference in TPS23 genes sequences between B73 and Delprim. Furthermore, induction pattern of FPPS3, which provides the precursor FPP for the production of the volatile terpene, has been shown to be similar for (E)‐ caryophyllene‐producing Delprim and B73 (Richter et al., ). Hence, the inability to produce ( E )‐caryophyllene by B73 cannot be attributed to either mutations on the gene itself or lack of FPPS3 activity but may have been caused by inactivation of a key transcription factor or corruption of an enhancer element as suggested earlier by Köllner et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…() showed that a single farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS3) is induced by herbivory to produce FPP, a substrate required for the formation of the defense volatile sesquiterpenes in maize out of the three functional FPPS. The same study demonstrated similarities in expression kinetics between FPPS3 and the terpene synthase TPS23, implying both genes are regulated by the same signal transduction pathway which is initiated with herbivore induction (Richter et al., ). Our study suggests that the signal transduction pathway induces TPS23 much more strongly in the maize landrace Braz1006 than in Delprim, a long‐standing model for emitting herbivore‐inducible volatile signals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The third maize leaves from 2‐week‐old seedlings ( c . 30 cm high, five expanded leaves) were cut off and incubated in 2 ml tap water with 2.3 μmol/L indanoyl isoleucine conjugates solution for 24 hr (Richter et al., ) (Figure c). The control plant leaves were kept under identical conditions, by placing freshly cut leaves in a similar volume of tap water, but without elicitor solution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A maize landrace that emits defense volatiles in response to herbivore eggs possesses a strongly inducible terpene synthase gene

Tamiru

Bruce

Richter

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Maize (Zea mays) emits volatile terpenes in response to insect feeding and egg deposition to defend itself against harmful pests. However, maize cultivars differ strongly in their ability to produce the defense signal. To further understand the agroecological role and underlying genetic mechanisms for variation in terpene emission among maize cultivars, we studied the production of an important signaling component (E)‐caryophyllene in a South American maize landrace Braz1006 possessing stemborer Chilo partellus egg inducible defense trait, in comparison with the European maize line Delprim and North American inbred line B73. The (E) ‐caryophyllene production level and transcript abundance of TPS23, terpene synthase responsible for (E) ‐caryophyllene formation, were compared between Braz1006, Delprim, and B73 after mimicked herbivory. Braz1006–TPS23 was heterologously expressed in E. coli, and amino acid sequences were determined. Furthermore, electrophysiological and behavioral responses of a key parasitic wasp Cotesia sesamiae to C. partellus egg‐induced Braz1006 volatiles were determined using coupled gas chromatography electroantennography and olfactometer bioassay studies. After elicitor treatment, Braz1006 released eightfold higher (E)‐caryophyllene than Delprim, whereas no (E)‐caryophyllene was detected in B73. The superior (E)‐caryophyllene production by Braz1006 was positively correlated with high transcript levels of TPS23 in the landrace compared to Delprim. TPS23 alleles from Braz1006 showed dissimilarities at different sequence positions with Delprim and B73 and encodes an active enzyme. Cotesia sesamiae was attracted to egg‐induced volatiles from Braz1006 and synthetic (E)‐caryophyllene. The variation in (E)‐caryophyllene emission between Braz1006 and Delprim is positively correlated with induced levels of TPS23 transcripts. The enhanced TPS23 activity and corresponding (E)‐caryophyllene production by the maize landrace could be attributed to the differences in amino acid sequence with the other maize lines. This study suggested that the same analogous genes could have contrasting expression patterns in different maize genetic backgrounds. The current findings provide valuable insight not only into genetic mechanisms underlying variation in defense signal production but also the prospect of introgressing the novel defense traits into elite maize varieties for effective and ecologically sound protection of crops against damaging insect pests.

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“…There are two FDS genes were respectivielyidentified in Arabidopsis [43] , maize [44] and wheat [45].…”

Section: Gene-to-metabolites Correlation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of triterpene biosynthetic genes of Anoectochilus roxburghii plant

Wang¹,

Xu²,

Brodelius³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Anoectochilus roxburghii is a medicinal plant and contains a variety of bioactive components, including triterpene, which exhibits important pharmacological properties with low toxicity. However, little is known about the biosynthetic pathway of triterpene or about the genome and transcriptome in A. roxburghii. Results: In order to analyze transcriptional determinants related to the biosynthesis of the bioactive components, we performed transcriptome sequencing in A. roxburghii (SRX1818644, SRX1818642 and SRX1818641) and annotated the sequences from three samples. In total, 137,679,059 clean reads were obtained, corresponding to 12.20 Gb of total nucleotides. They were then assembled into 86,382 contigs and 68,938 unigenes, which were further annotated according to sequence similarity with known genes in COG, EST, Nr, Pfam and Uniprot databases, leading to 10,040，29,442，39,551，34,991 and 28,082 unigenes, respectively. GO analysis classified all unigenes into three functional categories, i.e. biological processes (43,206 unigenes in 22 categories), molecular functions (46,978 unigenes in 15 categories) and cellular components (20,951 unigenes in 18 categories). Candidate triterpenes biosynthetic genes ArHMGR1 in MEV pathway, ArDXS1, ArDXS4 ArDXS5, ArDXS8-10, ArDXR1-2 and ArHDR1-2 in MEP pathway and ArFDS1, ArSM and ArOCS were selected based on RNA-seq and gene-to-metabolites correlation analysis. Conclusion: The transcriptomes of A. roxburghii plant include 86,382 contigs and 68,938 unigenes. The assembled dataset allowed identification of genes encoding enzymes in the biosynthesis of bioactive components in A. roxburghii plant. Candidate genes that encode enzymes being important in triterpenes biosynthetic pathway were selected. This will facilitate the study of expression and regulation in the biosynthesis of bioactive component in A.roxburghii.

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A small, differentially regulated family of farnesyl diphosphate synthases in maize (Zea mays) provides farnesyl diphosphate for the biosynthesis of herbivore-induced sesquiterpenes

Cited by 39 publications

References 65 publications

Discovery, Biosynthesis and Stress-Related Accumulation of Dolabradiene-Derived Defenses in Maize

Discovery, Biosynthesis and Stress-Related Accumulation of Dolabradiene-Derived Defenses in Maize

A maize landrace that emits defense volatiles in response to herbivore eggs possesses a strongly inducible terpene synthase gene

Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of triterpene biosynthetic genes of Anoectochilus roxburghii plant

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